4.1.1.15: glutamate decarboxylase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about glutamate decarboxylase, go to the full flat file.

Reaction

Synonyms

42 kDa biotin-coupled protein, 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase, 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase, Aspartate 1-decarboxylase, Aspartic alpha-decarboxylase, AtGAD1, BmGAD, BmGadB, BMI_II334, Cysteic acid decarboxylase, Decarboxylase, glutamate, ERT D1, GAD, GAD B, GAD-65, GAD-67, GAD-alpha, GAD-beta, GAD-gamma, GAD1, GAD2, GAD3, Gad56, GAD65, GAD67, GadA, GadB, GADB1, gadB2, GADbeta, GADCase, gadlbhye1, gamma-Glutamate decarboxylase, GDC, GDCase, Glt decarboxylase, glutamate decarboxylase, glutamate decarboxylase 1, glutamate decarboxylase 65, glutamate decarboxylase 67, glutamate decarboxylase A, glutamate decarboxylase B, Glutamic acid decarboxylase, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65, glutamic acid decarboxylase-67, glutamic acid decarboxylase67, Glutamic decarboxylase, hGAD65, hGAD67, L-Aspartate-alpha-decarboxylase, L-glutamate 1-carboxylyase, L-Glutamate alpha-decarboxylase, L-Glutamate decarboxylase, L-glutamate decarboxylase 65, L-glutamate decarboxylase 67, L-Glutamic acid decarboxylase, L-Glutamic decarboxylase, LbGAD, LbGadB, MGAD, More, p42, PF1159, PfGAD, ScGAD, sll1641

ECTree

     4 Lyases

         4.1 Carbon-carbon lyases

             4.1.1 Carboxy-lyases

                4.1.1.15 glutamate decarboxylase

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Results	in table
47	Activating Compound
10154	AA Sequence
39	Application
1	CAS Registry Number
96	Cloned(Commentary)
100	Cofactor
7	Crystallization (Commentary)
7114	Disease/ Diagnostics
10	Expression
83	General Information
9	General Stability
184	IC50 Value
381	Inhibitors
12	kcat/KM [mM/s]
4	Ki Value [mM]
91	KM Value [mM]
61	Localization
45	Metals/Ions
94	Molecular Weight [Da]
152	Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
465	Organism
12	Pathway
90	PDB ID
74	pH Optimum
27	pH Range
15	pH Stability
13	pI Value
18	Posttranslational Modification
180	Protein Variants
70	Purification (Commentary)
2	Reaction
3	Reaction Type
254	Reference
207	Source Tissue
54	Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
5	Storage Stability
286	Substrates and Products (Substrate)
113	Subunits
366	Synonyms
1	Systematic Name
58	Temperature Optimum [°C]
13	Temperature Range [°C]
46	Temperature Stability [°C]
23	Turnover Number [1/s]

Metals Ions

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of the Enzyme Summary Page.

Metals Ions on EC 4.1.1.15 - glutamate decarboxylase

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METALS and IONS

ORGANISM

UNIPROT

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

BaCl2

2 entries

Ca2+

10 entries

CaCl2

4 entries

Cl-

3 entries

CoCl2

2 entries

KBr

Rattus norvegicus

-

50 mM, enhances GAD activity in renal cortex homogenate

655403

KCl

2 entries

LiCl

Rattus norvegicus

-

50 mM, enhances GAD activity in renal cortex homogenate

655403

Mg2+

Enterococcus raffinosus

-

activates at 5 mM

748355

MgCl2

Streptococcus thermophilus

Q0GE18

98.7% of control activity at 5 mM

748285

Mn2+

Escherichia coli

-

the optimal concentration (7.5 mM) of Mn2+ can also improve the activity of recombinant enzyme (164%), but the co-effect of Ca2+ and Mn2+ exhibits antagonism effect when added simultaneously

717007

MnCl2

3 entries

Mo6+

Enterococcus raffinosus

-

activates at 5 mM

748355

NaBr

2 entries

NaCl

3 entries

NH4+

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei

B1B389

activates to 132% activity at 10 mM

696826

ZnCl2

Latilactobacillus sakei

A0A0D3R1A0

activates to 115% activity at 2 mM

748381

additional information

7 entries

BaCl2

Streptococcus thermophilus

Q0GE18

activates by 22% at 5 mM

699147

BaCl2

Streptococcus thermophilus

Q0GE18

activates to 122.5% at 5 mM

748285

Ca2+

Arabidopsis sp.

-

stimulation by Ca2+ plus calmodulin, no stimulation by Ca2+ or calmodulin alone

3987

Ca2+

Arabidopsis thaliana

Q42521

in plants, transient elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ in response to different types of stress is responsible for GAD activation via calmodulin. Binding of Ca2+/CaM1 abolishes the dissociation of the AtGAD1 oligomer

747173

Ca2+

Escherichia coli

-

maximum (174%) activity in the presence of 0.6 mM Ca2+

717007

Ca2+

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei

B1B389

activates to 114% activity at 10 mM

696826

Ca2+

Nicotiana tabacum

-

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent enzyme with calmodulin binding activity

3993

Ca2+

Oryza sativa

-

at a separate concentration of Ca2+ and calmodulin of 0.2 mM and 150 nM, the rice bran GAD is significantly enhanced 3fold

705392

Ca2+

Oryza sativa

Q9AR41

GAD activity is significantly enhanced in the presence of Ca2+

705391

Ca2+

Pinus pinaster

A0EJ89

the addition of Ca2+ to the reaction mix causes an activation of GAD activity of 32%

716650

Ca2+

Vicia faba

M1GCP8

activates at 0.2 mM, slight inhibition above 1 mM

727569

Ca2+

Vigna unguiculata

-

plus calmudulin, at pH 5.8, activates

3985

CaCl2

Enterococcus avium

E0D5D7

activates to 124.3% activity at 2 mM

748385

CaCl2

Latilactobacillus sakei

A0A0D3R1A0

activates to 113% activity at 2 mM

748381

CaCl2

Levilactobacillus brevis

K4HXK6

potent activation

727202

CaCl2

Pyrococcus furiosus

Q8U1P6

activity is dependent on various salts, such as CaCl2, NaCl, KCl, and NaBr, with an optimum concentration of 400 mM

744560

Cl-

Brucella microti

C7LHI0

enzyme BmGadB has the necessary structural requirements for the binding of activating chloride ions at acidic pH and for the closure of its active site at neutral pH

747785

Cl-

Escherichia coli

-

acts as positive allosteric modulators of GadB

728332

Cl-

Escherichia coli

P69910

binding of chloride ions to the N-terminus could stabilizes the triple-helix bundle

728019

CoCl2

Latilactobacillus sakei

A0A0D3R1A0

activates to 118% activity at 2 mM

748381

CoCl2

Monascus purpureus

-

1 mM, activation to 128% of control

655656

KCl

Pyrococcus furiosus

Q8U1P6

activity is dependent on various salts, such as CaCl2, NaCl, KCl, and NaBr, with an optimum concentration of 400 mM

744560

KCl

Rattus norvegicus

-

50 mM, enhances GAD activity in renal cortex homogenate

655403

MnCl2

Enterococcus avium

E0D5D7

activates to 116.4% activity at 2 mM

748385

MnCl2

Latilactobacillus sakei

A0A0D3R1A0

activates to 152% activity at 2 mM

748381

MnCl2

Monascus purpureus

-

1 mM, activation to 133% of control

655656

NaBr

Pyrococcus furiosus

Q8U1P6

activity is dependent on various salts, such as CaCl2, NaCl, KCl, and NaBr, with an optimum concentration of 400 mM

744560

NaBr

Rattus norvegicus

-

50 mM, enhances GAD activity in renal cortex homogenate

655403

NaCl

Pyrococcus furiosus

Q8U1P6

activity is dependent on various salts, such as CaCl2, NaCl, KCl, and NaBr, with an optimum concentration of 400 mM

744560

NaCl

Rattus norvegicus

-

50 mM, enhances GAD activity in renal cortex homogenate

655403

NaCl

Streptococcus thermophilus

Q0GE18

101.6% of control activity at 5 mM

748285

additional information

Enterococcus raffinosus

-

no effects by Ca2+, Al3+, Na+, or Mn2+ at 5 mM

748355

additional information

Gallus gallus

-

Mn2+ shows no effect on glutamate decarboxylase activity

703323

additional information

Levilactobacillus brevis

K4HXK6

no effect on activity by NaCl, MgCl2, and MnCl2

727202

additional information

Mus musculus

-

removing extracellular calcium prevents the NMDAR-mediated decrease in GAD protein levels, whereas inhibiting calcium entry through voltage-gated calcium channels has no effect

697807

additional information

Priestia megaterium

A0A0U3JTC9

Na+, Ca2+, Co2+ and Mn2+ have no effect on the activity of BmGAD at 2 mM

747386

additional information

Priestia megaterium

-

Na+, Ca2+, Co2+ and Mn2+ have no effect on the activity of BmGAD at 2 mM

747386

additional information

Streptococcus thermophilus

Q0GE18

MgCl2 and NaCl have no effect on enzyme activity

699147