3.4.24.69: bontoxilysin
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For detailed information about bontoxilysin, go to the full flat file.
Reaction
Limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, synaptobrevin (also known as neuronal vesicle-associated membrane protein, VAMP), synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25) or syntaxin. No detected action on small molecule substrates
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Synonyms
abobotulinumtoxinA, antigen E, Balc424, BoNT, BoNT A, BoNT B, BoNT E, BoNT F, BoNT F/A, BoNT LC, BoNT LC/A, BoNT serotype A, BoNT serotype E, BoNT serotype F, BoNT-A, BoNT-C, BoNT-D, BoNT-E, BoNT-F, BoNT/A, BoNT/A LC, BoNT/A Lc endopeptidase, BoNT/A-LC, BoNT/A1, BoNT/A2, BoNT/A3, BoNT/A4, BoNT/A5, BoNT/A6, BoNT/A8, BoNT/B, BoNT/B light chain protease, BoNT/B-LC, BoNT/B1, BoNT/B6, BoNT/C, BoNT/C1, BoNT/C1-LC, BoNT/C3, BoNT/CD, BoNT/D, BoNT/E, BoNT/F, BoNT/F proteolytic F toxin, BoNT/F-LC, BoNT/F1, BoNT/F5, BoNT/F6, BoNT/F7, BoNT/F9, BoNT/FA, BoNT/G, BoNT/HA, BoNT/T, BoNT/X, BoNTA, BoNTA endopeptidase, BoNTB, BoNTC, BoNTE, BoNTF, Bontoxilysin C1, botox A, botulinum A neurotoxin light chain, Botulinum neurotoxin, botulinum neurotoxin a, botulinum neurotoxin A light chain, botulinum neurotoxin A protease, botulinum neurotoxin A subtype 1, botulinum neurotoxin A subtype 2, botulinum neurotoxin A subtype 6, botulinum neurotoxin A3, botulinum neurotoxin A4, botulinum neurotoxin A8 subtype, botulinum neurotoxin B, botulinum neurotoxin B protease, botulinum neurotoxin C, botulinum neurotoxin D light chain, botulinum neurotoxin E, botulinum neurotoxin endopeptidase, botulinum neurotoxin F, botulinum neurotoxin serotype A, botulinum neurotoxin serotype A endopeptidase, botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain, botulinum neurotoxin serotype A protease, botulinum neurotoxin serotype B, botulinum neurotoxin serotype BA, botulinum neurotoxin serotype C1, botulinum neurotoxin serotype C1 light chain protease, botulinum neurotoxin serotype D, botulinum neurotoxin serotype E, botulinum neurotoxin serotype F, botulinum neurotoxin serotype FA, botulinum neurotoxin serotype G, botulinum neurotoxin serotype H, botulinum neurotoxin subtype A, botulinum neurotoxin subtype A3, botulinum neurotoxin subtype A4, botulinum neurotoxin subtype B6, botulinum neurotoxin subtype F5, botulinum neurotoxin type A, botulinum neurotoxin type A light chain, botulinum neurotoxin type B, botulinum neurotoxin type C, botulinum neurotoxin type D, botulinum neurotoxin type E, botulinum neurotoxin type F, botulinum neurotoxin type F light chain, botulinum neurotoxin type G, botulinum neurotoxin type HA, botulinum neurotoxin X, Botulinum neurotoxin-A, botulinum toxin, botulinum toxin C3, botulinum toxin serotype E, botulinum toxin serotype F, botulinum toxin type A, botulinum toxin type B, botulinum toxin type F, Botulinumtoxin A, BoTxA, C2 toxin, CDC69016, Clostridium botulinum A2 neurotoxin, Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin, Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin, Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin A1, Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin F, Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A, Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain, Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E, Clostridium botulinum serotype D neurotoxin, CNT endopeptidase, D-4947 L-TC, daxibotulinumtoxinA, HCB, HCE, incobotulinumtoxinA, LC/A, LC/D, LC/F5, LC/HA, LC/X, LCA, LcB, lcc1, LCD, LCE, LCF, LHn/D, More, mosaic toxin, neurotoxin A, NT, onabotulinumtoxinA, serotype D botulinum neurotoxin, subtype A4 neurotoxin, TeNT, Tetanus neurotoxin, type A BoNT, type A botulinum neurotoxin, type A botulinum neurotoxin light chain, type A botulinum neurotoxin protease, type F toxin
ECTree
Application
Application on EC 3.4.24.69 - bontoxilysin
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molecular biology
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botulinum neurotoxins BoNT/A-G are widely used as laboratory research tools
analysis
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development and evaluation of molecular detection tool for tracking and tracing Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E, F and other botulinum neurotoxin producing Clostridia using the real-time PCR-based GeneDisc cycler and BoNTs, overview. No cross reactivity with non human-toxigenic bacteria, Clostridium botulinum types C, D and G
analysis
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development and evaluation of molecular detection tool for tracking and tracing Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E, F and other botulinum neurotoxin producing Clostridia using the real-time PCR-based GeneDisc cycler and BoNTs, overview. No cross reactivity with non human-toxigenic bacteria, Clostridium botulinum types C, D and G
analysis
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development and evaluation of molecular detection tool for tracking and tracing Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E, F and other botulinum neurotoxin producing Clostridia using the real-time PCR-based GeneDisc cycler and BoNTs, overview. No cross reactivity with non human-toxigenic bacteria, Clostridium botulinum types C, D and G
analysis
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the recombinant VAMP2 peptide substrate can be used as in vitro bioassay for the detection of BONT/B in food samples and provide a relevant replacement assay for the estimation of the toxin potency in contaminated therapeutic preparations
drug development
P10845
the enzyme is a target for design of specific inhibitors
drug development
P10845
because of the potential for use of the toxin in bioterrorism and the increasingly widespread application of the toxin in the medical field, there is interest in the development of small-molecule inhibitors of the metalloprotease
drug development
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botulinum toxins are targets for rational development of preventive vaccines or inhibitors
drug development
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ability of monoclonal antibodies F1-2 and F1-40 to provide therapeutic protection against BoNT/A intoxication in mouse intravenous and oral intoxication models, overview
drug development
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RNA aptamers are a unique group of molecules acting as therapeutics and as an antidote against botulism
drug development
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the BoNT/A Lc alpha-exosite is a target for inhibitor development
drug development
P10845
the botulinum toxin is a target for development of specific drugs to treat botulism
drug development
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the toxin is a target for development of inhibitors to treat muscular paralysis, and of drugs altering BoNT/B light chain ubiquitination to overcome botulinum persistence in neuronal cells
medicine
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BoNT/A is the best available therapeutic agent of a variety of human diseases that benefit from a finctional inhibition of cholinergic terminals
medicine
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design of inhibitors to treat food-borne, wound and infant botulism, rare but severe diseases, moreover, the enzyme can be used as biological warfare, because of its easiness of production and very high toxicity
medicine
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designing of novel drugs
medicine
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designing of novel drugs
medicine
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designing of novel drugs
medicine
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drug to treat certain muscle dysfunctions
medicine
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most lethal biological substance have been weaponized in highly toxic aerosol form to pose a significant dual threat to both civilian and military populations, there is an urgent need for therapeutic countermeasures against BoNTs
medicine
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remarkably effective drug for treating a wide variety of muscle dysfunctions in humans
medicine
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retargeting of BoNT endopeptidase into specific cells has an enormous potential of therapeutic use, not only for moderating release of hormones, peptides, and metabolites, but also disrupting cancer cell growth and functioning
medicine
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the enzyme is a useful therapeutic agent for many human syndroms caused by hyperactivity of cholinergic nerve terminals. Human diseases treated with BoNT/A: blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, laryngeal dysphonia, head and neck dystonias, strabismus, limb dystonias, occupational cramps, anal fissure and rectal spasms, palmar and ascellar hyperhydrosis, hypersalivation and hypersweating, migraine headache, pain, bruxism, spasticity, urinary retention and pain, essential tremors, dysphagia and achalasia esophagea. BoNT/A is extensively used as a pharmaco-cosmetic
medicine
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botulinum neurotoxins BoNT/A-G are used as therapeutics in a variety of neuromuscular disorders of the skeletal, glandular, and smooth muscles and pain disorders
medicine
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process development for production of a candidate vaccine antigen by recombinant expression of the C-terminal heavy chain fragment of botulinum neurotoxin serotype E Pichia pastoris strain GS115
medicine
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BoNT/E can reduce seizure incidence in Mus musculus strain C57BL/6N, a mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (electroencephalography analysis)
medicine
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candidate for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic enlargment
medicine
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analgesic effect of BoNT/A on neuropathic pain, e.g. chronic refractory neck pain, application on human neck and shoulder muslces
medicine
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BoNT-A can be administered subcutaneously or topically, in addition to the common application by intradermal and intramuscular injection, with a transdermal delivery peptide to reduce inflammation produced by activating nociceptors in the skin. Peptide-mediated delivery of BoNT-A is an easy and non-invasive way of administering the toxin that may prove to be useful in clinical practice, overview
medicine
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BoNT-A treatment of bladder of human hosts, patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction, improves bladder capacity, reflex volume, continence status, and detrusor compliance, maximum detrusor pressure iss significantly reduced, long-term effects of repeated intradetrusor BoNT-A injections on detrusor function in human hosts result in a succes rate of 74%, overview
medicine
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BoNT/A is largely employed in human therapy because of its specific inhibition of peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals
medicine
BoNT/A is very effective in the therapy of a wide range of human syndromes characterized by hyperactivity of peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals
medicine
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BoNT/A is widely used as a therapeutic agent and to reduce wrinkles. The toxin is used at very low doses, which have to be accurately quantified
medicine
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BoNTs are among the most useful reagents to treat neuromuscular afflictions
medicine
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clinical evidence on the effectiveness and reliability of minimally invasive and reversible sacral neuromodulation and botulinum toxin A treatment as well as the current significance of sacral neuromodulation and botulinum toxin A for the second-line treatment of adult syndrome of idiopathic overactive bladder, overview
medicine
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evaluation of catalytically inactive BoNT/A1 mutant H223A/E224A/H227A holoprotein as a vaccine candidate by comparison against recombinant BoNT/A1 LC, LC-belt, LC-Hn, and Hc antigens and a LC-Hn +Hc combination in mouse potency and efficacy bioassays when challenged with BoNT/A subtypes /A1, /A2, and /A3, overview
medicine
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Hn-33 and other neurotoxin associated proteins can potentially be employed as adjuvants for development of vaccines against botulism and can be a good surrogate for botulinum diagnostics. Medical implications of immunogenicity of different components of BoNT/A complex
medicine
LHN/A vaccine protects mice against challenge with BoNT/A subtypes A1, A2, and A3
medicine
LHN/A vaccine protects mice against challenge with BoNT/A subtypes A1, A2, and A3,the LHN/B vaccine is also highly efficacious
medicine
LHN/B vaccine protects mice against challenge with BoNT/A subtypes A1, A2, and A3
medicine
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localized injections of BoNT/A are widely employed in clinical neurology to treat several human diseases characterized by muscle hyperactivity
medicine
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RNA aptamers are a unique group of molecules acting as therapeutics and as an antidote against botulism
medicine
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a number of peptides are selected on the basis of their involvement in BoNT/A binding in vitro to snps and/or to blocking Abs, for their ability to exert an inhibitory effect on the action of the toxin in vivo
medicine
subtype BoNT/A2 has greater clinical therapeutic value for treating subjects with Parkinson's disease compared to that ofsubtype BoNT/A1
medicine
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Hn-33 and other neurotoxin associated proteins can potentially be employed as adjuvants for development of vaccines against botulism and can be a good surrogate for botulinum diagnostics. Medical implications of immunogenicity of different components of BoNT/A complex
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medicine
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subtype BoNT/A2 has greater clinical therapeutic value for treating subjects with Parkinson's disease compared to that ofsubtype BoNT/A1
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medicine
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process development for production of a candidate vaccine antigen by recombinant expression of the C-terminal heavy chain fragment of botulinum neurotoxin serotype E Pichia pastoris strain GS115
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medicine
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subtype BoNT/A2 has greater clinical therapeutic value for treating subjects with Parkinson's disease compared to that ofsubtype BoNT/A1
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additional information
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botulinum neurotoxins are biological hazards to humans and a serious potential bioweapon threat
additional information
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botulinum neurotoxins BoNT/A-G are the most potent of all toxins and potential bioterrorism agents, they are also used in cosmetic applications
additional information
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the enzyme can be used as an agent in biowarfare
additional information
P10845
the enzyme is used as a biowapon
additional information
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the enzyme is used as a biowapon
additional information
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botulinum neurotoxin serotype A causes a life-threatening neuroparalytic disease known as botulism that can afflict large, unprotected populations if the toxin is employed in an act of bioterrorism
additional information
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botulinum neurotoxin type A is the most poisonous substance known to humans and is a potential bioterrorism agent
additional information
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development of in vitro cell-based assays and in vivo assays for drug discovery and development, especially with regard to the potential for medium- to high-throughput automation and its use in identifying physiologically relevant inhibitors, overview
additional information
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development of in vitro cell-based assays and in vivo assays for drug discovery and development, especially with regard to the potential for medium- to high-throughput automation and its use in identifying physiologically relevant inhibitors, overview
additional information
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development of in vitro cell-based assays and in vivo assays for drug discovery and development, especially with regard to the potential for medium- to high-throughput automation and its use in identifying physiologically relevant inhibitors, overview