3.4.23.45: memapsin 1
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about memapsin 1, go to the full flat file.
Reaction
broad endopeptidase specificity. Cleaves Glu-Val-Asn-Leu-/-Asp-Ala-Glu-Phe in the Swedish variant of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein
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Synonyms
aspartic protease BACE2, BACE 2, BACE-1 homologue, BACE-2, BACE2, beta site APP cleaving enzyme, beta-amyloid precursor protein cleavage enzyme 2, beta-secretase, beta-secretase 2, beta-site Alzheimer's amyloid precurser protein cleaving enzyme 2, beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 2, beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 2, beta-site APP cleaving enzyme, beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 2, beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 2, down region aspartic protease, DRAP, memapsin-1, memapsin1, membrane aspartic protease of the pepsin family, More, protease ASP1, theta-secretase
ECTree
General Information
General Information on EC 3.4.23.45 - memapsin 1
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metabolism
the key step in the generation of Abeta is cleavage of APP by beta-secretase
metabolism
enzyme-mediated beta-cleavage of amyloid precursor protein is a mechanism underlying Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis
physiological function
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BACE2 colocalizes with clathrin-coated vesicles of the plasma membrane in MIN6 cells. Pharmacological inhibition of BACE2 results in increased BACE2 content in clathrin-coated vesicles, reduced insulin internalization rate, decreased in insulin receptor beta-subunit at the plasma membrane and increase in the Golgi apparatus, and a significant reduction in insulin gene expression. Similar results are obtained after specific BACE2 silencing in MIN6 cells. Data point to a role for BACE2 in the insulin receptor-beta subunit trafficking and insulin signaling
physiological function
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in a mouse model of in vivo BACE2 overexpression, BACE2 is not involved in the amyloidogenic pathway, cognitive dysfunction or cholinergic degeneration. Transgenic BACE2 animals show increased anxiety-like behaviour along with increased numbers of noradrenergic neurones in locus coeruleus
physiological function
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mice with functionally inactive Bace2 and insulin-resistant mice treated with a Bace2 inhibitor both display augmented beta cell mass and improved control of glucose homeostasis due to increased insulin levels
physiological function
BACE2 is highly expressed in pigment cells and homozygous Bace2 mutant mice display coat color defects, implying a specific role for BACE2 during melanogenesis
physiological function
mutations in Bace2 reveal a distinct melanocyte migration phenotype, which is not observed in homozygous Bace1 mutants. Double homozygous Bace1/Bace2 fish do not enhance the single mutant phenotypes indicating non-redundant distinct physiological functions. Single homozygous bace1 mutants as well as double homozygous bace1 and bace2 mutants are viable and fertile