3.4.22.49: separase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about separase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 3.4.22.49
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3.4.22.49
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chromatid
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sister
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anaphase
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cohesin
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mitosis
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securin
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spindle
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metaphase
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meiotic
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checkpoint
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centromeres
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kinetochore
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anaphase-promoting
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scc1
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prophase
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aneuploidy
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rec8
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cdc14
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rad21
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metaphase-to-anaphase
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centrosome
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shugoshins
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centriole
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sister-chromatid
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metaphase-anaphase
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disjunction
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medicaid
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disengagement
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prometaphase
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missegregation
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polo-like
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biorientation
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cyclosome
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kleisin
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meiosis-specific
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chiasmata
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pds1
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condensins
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medicine
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diagnostics
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nondisjunction
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molecular biology
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cdk1-dependent
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pp2acdc55
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kinetochore-microtubule
- 3.4.22.49
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chromatid
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sister
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anaphase
- cohesin
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mitosis
- securin
- spindle
-
metaphase
-
meiotic
-
checkpoint
-
centromeres
-
kinetochore
-
anaphase-promoting
- scc1
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prophase
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aneuploidy
- rec8
- cdc14
- rad21
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metaphase-to-anaphase
- centrosome
- shugoshins
- centriole
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sister-chromatid
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metaphase-anaphase
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disjunction
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medicaid
-
disengagement
-
prometaphase
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missegregation
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polo-like
-
biorientation
-
cyclosome
-
kleisin
-
meiosis-specific
-
chiasmata
- pds1
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condensins
- medicine
- diagnostics
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nondisjunction
- molecular biology
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cdk1-dependent
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pp2acdc55
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kinetochore-microtubule
Reaction
all bonds known to be hydrolysed by this endopeptidase have arginine in P1 and an acidic residue in P4. P6 is often occupied by an acidic residue or by an hydroxy-amino-acid residue, the phosphorylation of which enhances cleavage =
Synonyms
AESP, AtESP, Cut1, Cut1/separase, ESP, Esp1, ESPL1, sep-1, separase, separin, SSE, TbSep
ECTree
3.4.22.49 separaseAdvanced search results
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results (Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 3.4.22.49 - separase
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SUBSTRATE 
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acetyl-Asp-Arg-Glu-Ile-Nle-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
acetyl-Asp-Arg-Glu-Ile-Nle-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
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acetyl-Asp-Arg-Glu-Ile-Nle-Arg is the Rad21-peptidyl
-
-
?
Cdc14 + H2O
?
-
separase regulates INCENP-Aurora B anaphase spindle function through activation of Cdc14
-
-
?
Rad21 + H2O
cleaved Rad21
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Rad21 is cleaved by Cut1 at the metaphase-anaphase transition
-
-
?
Slk19 + H2O
?
-
a protein implicated in the mitotic exit via its role in the stabilization of spindle in budding yeast
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-
?
Slk19 + H2O
fragments of Slk19
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separase cleaves the kinetochore-associated protein Slk19 in anaphase
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?
SYN1 + H2O
?
the enzyme plays an essential role in embryo development. The enzyme is required for the removal of cohesin from meiotic chromosomes. The cleavage of SYN1 by separase is responsible for the release of sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis
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-
?
[Cy5-D-R-E-I-M-R]2-rhodamine-110 + H2O
2 [Cy5-D-R-E-I-M-R] + rhodamine-110
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-
-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
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cohesin cleavage by human separase requires DNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
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separase selectively cleaves only the chromosome-associated cohesin with the cofactor chromosomal DNA, chromosome-associated cohesin is cleaved preferentially by separase, mechanism
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
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separase selectively cleaves only the chromosome-associated cohesin with the cofactor chromosomal DNA
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
chromatin-bound cohesion is the preferential substrate
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
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separase selectively cleaves only the chromosome-associated cohesin with the cofactor chromosomal DNA
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
cohesin Is cleaved with similar kinetics and timing near the centromere and telomere. Separase inhibition of PP2ACdc55 is necessary for robust cleavage of cohesin
-
-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
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separase-mediated cleavage of cohesin at interphase is required for DNA repair. It is proposed that the securin-separase complex might aid DNA repair by removing local cohesin in interphase cells
-
-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
Thermochaetoides thermophila
the enzyme cleaves the kleisin subunit of cohesin and opens the cohesin ring to allow chromosome segregation
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
?
Thermochaetoides thermophila DSM 1495
the enzyme cleaves the kleisin subunit of cohesin and opens the cohesin ring to allow chromosome segregation
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
cleaved cohesin
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separase is required for sister chromatid separation during mitosis
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
cleaved cohesin
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separase, i.e. Esp1, is implicated in the removal of cohesin which links sister chromatids in the S-phase and is postulated to be a specific protease or a positive regulator of protease against cohesin
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-
?
cohesin + H2O
cleaved cohesin
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separase triggers anaphase by cohesin cleavage, and triggers the release and activation of the phosphatase Cdc14 independently of its protease activity
-
-
?
cohesin + H2O
fragments of cohesin
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separase Esp1 is implicated in the removal of cohesin which links sister chromatids in the S-phase and is postulated to be a specific protease or a positive regulator of protease against cohesin
-
?
CPAR-1 protein + H2O
?
separase cleaves the N-tail of the CENP-A related protein CPAR-1 at the meiosis I metaphase-anaphase transition
-
-
?
kendrin + H2O
?
kendrin, also named pericentrin and specifically cleaved at a consensus site (R2231), is a crucial substrate for separase at the centrosome, protecting the engaged centrioles from premature disengagement and thereby blocking reduplication until the cell passes through mitosis
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-
?
Rad21 + H2O
fragments of Rad21
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Rad21 is cleaved by the separase Cut1 at the metaphase-anaphase transition
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?
Rec8 + H2O
?
resolution of chiasmata in oocytes requires separase-mediated proteolysis. Proteolytic cleavage by separase is essential for Rec8's removal from chromosome arms and for chiasma resolution but not for the first polar body
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-
?
Rec8 + H2O
?
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cleavage is required for meiotic nuclear divisions in fission yeast
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-
?
Rec8 + H2O
cleaved Rac8
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cleavage of meiosis-specific Scc1 variant Rec8 is required for chromosome segregation during meiosis
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-
?
Rec8 + H2O
fragments of Rac8
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cleavage of meiosis-specific Scc1 variant Rec8 is required for chromosome segregation during meiosis
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?
Rec8 + H2O
fragments of Rec8
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the phosphorylations of Rec8 at S412 and the surrounding sites, which are most probably dependent on CK1, are essential for the cleavability of Rec8 by separase
-
-
?
Rec8 + H2O
fragments of Rec8
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Rec8 is a meiosis-specific alpha-kleisin subunit of cohesion, phosphorylation by polo-like kinase 1 of either Rec8 or separase, or both, promotes Rec8 cleavage. Separase prefers to cleave at R454
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-
?
Rec8 + H2O
fragments of Rec8
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phosphorylation either of separase or cohesin is necessary for Rec8 cleavage
-
-
?
Rec8 + H2O
fragments of Rec8
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phosphorylation either of separase or cohesin is necessary for Rec8 cleavage
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-
?
Scc1 + H2O
cleaved Scc1
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Esp1 cleaves Scc1, the central subunit of the chromosomal cohesin complex during mitosis
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-
?
Scc1 + H2O
cleaved Scc1
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cleavage at 2 defined sites results in rapid destabilization of Scc1 and its dissociation from chromosomes
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-
?
Scc1 + H2O
fragments of Scc1
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Scc1 is a subunit of cohesion, centrosomal Scc1 is cleaved by separase coincidentally with chromatin Scc1
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-
?
Scc1 + H2O
fragments of Scc1
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Scc1 is an alpha-kleisin subunit of cohesin
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-
?
Scc1 + H2O
fragments of Scc1
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separase Esp1 cleaves Scc1, the central subunit of the chromosomal cohesin complex during mitosis
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?
Slk19 + H2O
cleaved Slk19
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separase cleaves the kinetochore-associated protein Slk19 in metaphase-to-anaphase transition
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-
?
additional information
?
-
Drosophila sp. (in: flies)
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separase is primarily required for sister chromatid separation during mitotic and meiotic division, by cleavage of a subunit of the cohesin complex. Separase is also and perhaps indirectly important for epithelial integrity
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
auto-cleavage of separase coordinates multiple aspects of the G2/M programme in human cells, thus contributing to the timing and efficiency of chromosome segregation
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Hela cells lacking separase are delayed or arrested at the G2-M phase transition. Without separase, cells also have a prolonged prometaphase. Separase is required at multiple cell cycle stages including the interphase. Its role in promoting loss of sister chromatid cohesion might be important preferentially at arms but not centromers
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
separase auto-cleavage coordinates multiple aspects of the G2/M programme in human cells, thus contributing to the timing and efficiency of chromosome segregation
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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does not cleave Leu-Glu-His-Asp-CHO-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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autocleavage of human separase is to be essential and results in conformational changes
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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deletion of separase specifically blocks sister chromatid separation but not other aspects of mitosis, mitotic exit, cytokinesis, or even chromosome replication
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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the meiosis I-to-meiosis II transition in mouse oocytes requires separase activity
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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downregulation of PP2A(Cdc55) phosphatase by separase initiates mitotic exit. At anaphase onset, PP2A(Cdc55) activity is downregulated in a separase-dependent manner, triggering a first wave of Cdk-dependent Net1 phosphorylation and Cdc14 release. Separase is the essential trigger for Cdc14 activation in anaphase
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
separase recognizes both, a cleavage site consensus sequence as well as features outside the cleavage site
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-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme interacts with Ty1-IN and does not affect the processing of the TyA-TyB polypeptide
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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the enzyme interacts with Ty1-IN and does not affect the processing of the TyA-TyB polypeptide
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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MAP kinase is required for the increased securin-separase interaction that rescues separase mutants under stresses
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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Cdc48 is required for the stability of Cut1/separase in mitotic anaphase
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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TbSep is essential for the segregation of both large and minichromosomes (RNAi experiment)
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
separase is a stoichiometric inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 1. This function of separase is independent of proteolytic activity
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
separase shows self-cleavage upon activation. Separase is auto-cleaved between meiosis I and II in oocytes
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-
?
