3.2.1.26: beta-fructofuranosidase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about beta-fructofuranosidase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 3.2.1.26
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3.2.1.26
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maltase
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fructose
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border
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brush
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disaccharidase
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starch
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mucosal
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jejunal
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urease
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villus
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catalase
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enterocytes
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crypt
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aminopeptidase
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sink
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biomass
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ileum
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potato
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amylase
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trehalase
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isomaltase
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apoplastic
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inulin
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fructans
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brush-border
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alpha-glucosidase
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suckling
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raffinose
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glucoamylase
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tuber
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duodenum
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bowel
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rhizosphere
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phloem
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cellulase
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hexoses
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levan
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fructosyltransferase
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small-intestinal
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acarbose
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fructooligosaccharides
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molasses
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fructokinase
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carbohydrases
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microvillus
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inulinase
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synthesis
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stachyose
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nutrition
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biochars
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food industry
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industry
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agriculture
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pharmacology
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analysis
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biofuel production
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photosynthate
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adp-glucose
- 3.2.1.26
- maltase
- fructose
- border
-
brush
- disaccharidase
- starch
- mucosal
- jejunal
- urease
- villus
- catalase
- enterocytes
-
crypt
- aminopeptidase
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sink
- biomass
- ileum
- potato
- amylase
- trehalase
- isomaltase
- apoplastic
- inulin
- fructans
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brush-border
- alpha-glucosidase
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suckling
- raffinose
- glucoamylase
- tuber
- duodenum
- bowel
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rhizosphere
- phloem
- cellulase
- hexoses
- levan
- fructosyltransferase
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small-intestinal
- acarbose
- fructooligosaccharides
- molasses
- fructokinase
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carbohydrases
- microvillus
- inulinase
- synthesis
- stachyose
- nutrition
- biochars
- food industry
- industry
- agriculture
- pharmacology
- analysis
- biofuel production
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photosynthate
- adp-glucose
Reaction
Synonyms
A/N-InvG, acid invertase, Acid sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase, acINV, AFR529Wp, AI, AIV, alkaline invertase, alkaline invertase InvA, alkaline invertase InvB, alkaline/neutral invertase, Atbetafruct4, b-fructofuranosidase, beta-(1-2)-fructofuranosidase, beta-D-fructofuranosidase, beta-D-fructofuranosidase fructohydrolase, beta-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase, beta-FFase, beta-fructofuranosidase, beta-fructofuranosidase I, beta-fructofuranoside fructohydrolyase, beta-fructosidase, beta-h-fructosidase, BfrA, BlsacA, Bmsuc1, cell wall invertase, cell wall invertase 4, cell wall-bound invertase, cell wall-bound ivertase, cell-wall invertase, cell-wall invertase 1, CIN, Cin1, CIN12, Cin5, CINV1, CscA, CWI, CWIN, CWIN1, Cwinv-1, cwINV1, cytosolic invertase, EINV1, EINV2, EINV3, EINV4, FCWI, Ffase, FFase I, Ffh, fructofuranosidase, beta-, fructosylinvertase, glucosucrase, INAC-INV, INCW2, INV, Inv-CW, INV-E, Inv-V, INV1p, INV2, INVA, INVB, invertase, invertase 1, invertase 2, Invertase E1, invertase SUC2, invertin, lbbetafruct2, lbbetafruct3, Lin5, Lin6, Lin7, Lyc e 2.01, Lyc e 2.02, maxinvert L 1000, More, neutral invertase, NI, Nin88, OsCIN1, OsCIN2, OsCIN3, Protein B46, re-INVB, SacA, saccharase, SAI, soluble acid invertase, Suc2, SucB, sucrase, Sucrase E1, Sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase, TIV-1, Uninv, uninv2, Vacuolar invertase, vacuolar invertase 1, vacuolar invertase CvINV, vacuolar invertase NvINV, VIN, VIN1, VIN2, Vinv-1, VINV1, VINV2, VINV3, yeast invertase
ECTree
3.2.1.26 beta-fructofuranosidaseAdvanced search results
results (
results (Source Tissue
Source Tissue on EC 3.2.1.26 - beta-fructofuranosidase
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SOURCE TISSUE 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
SOURCE
VIN activity in elongating fibers is approximately 4-6fold higher than that in leaves, stems, and roots. It is undetectable in fiberless cotton seed epidermis but becomes evident in initiating fibers and remains high during their fast elongation and drops when elongation slows. A genotype with faster fiber elongation has significantly higher fiber VIN activity and hexose levels than a slow-elongating genotype
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invertase I is primarily localized in anthers, invertase II and II are present at 5% of invertase I activity. Much higher levels of invertase II and III are found in the nonanther organs of the flower
compared to invertase InvA, invertase InvB possesses a much higher catalytic activity. The higher activity may be responsible for the vital role of InvB in heterocyst development and nitrogen fixation
the enzyme is highly and specifically expressed in the midgut and silk gland
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cell-wall invertase isozymes CIN1-3, 5, and 8, high expression level of CIN2, plant hormones abscisic acid and gibberellic acid induce cell wall isozyme CIN2 in peduncles antagonizing both peduncle elongation and maintenance of CIN2 transcript levels
expressed at high levels at both the transcriptional and translational levels. The enzyme might function as a digestive enzyme to hydrolyze sugar in the silk gland lumen
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cell wall-bound isozyme Inv-CW has an essential function in carbohydrate supply
additional information
expressed to a higher extent in promastigotes than in amastigotes
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expressed to a higher extent in promastigotes than in amastigotes
expressed to a higher extent in promastigotes than in amastigotes
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invertase I is primarily localized in anthers, invertase II and III are present in much smaller amounts
in the coat barely visible expression of OsCIN3, in the embryo very strong expression of OsCIN3, in the endosperm weak expression of OsCIN3
in the coat strong expression of OsCIN1, in the embryo barely visible expression of OsCIN1, in the endosperm no expression of OsCIN1
in the coat weak expression of OsCIN2, in the embryo strong expression of OsCIN2, in the endosperm strong expression of OsCIN2
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high invertase activity in the apical segment of the coleoptile, the level of activity decreases sharply with distance from the apex
of seed. Separate growth of cotyledon types, Cot and Cot E based on a unique differential regeneration response, in vitro on Gamborg's B5 basal nutrient medium, 2% sucrose, and supplemented with N6-benzyladenine. Temporal differences in acid invertase enzyme activity are observed in differentiating explants. In general all N6-benzyladenine levels and both in the presence and/or absence of sucrose, acid invertase levels are lower in Cot than Cot E explants. A higher frequency of regeneration of Cot E explants is positively correlated with higher invertase activity. Invertase gene expression is highest in Cot explants at 12 and 15 days following culture
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the ability of the maturing embryo to maintain mitotic activity is mediated by metabolic signals of the enzyme from the seed coat
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localization of the cell wall-bound isozyme in the transfer cell layer
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low expression level of isozyme CWI, but high expression in androecium and gynoecium development
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PaxgINV3 tightly regulated, probably floral-specific cell-wall invertase
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co-expression of isozyme CWI with endogenous proteinous inhibitor VIF in flowers
VIN activity in elongating fibers is approximately 4-6fold higher than that in leaves, stems, and roots
young and mature, expression of isozyme lbbetafruct3 is restricted to shoots and leaves
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co-expression of isozyme CWIwith endogenous proteinous inhibitor CIF, green and senescent leaves
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co-expression of isozyme CWI with endogenous proteinous inhibitor VIF in green leaves
expression of isoform LIN6 in sink tissues, such as pollen grains and vascular tissues of leaves and stems
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cell wall-bound isozyme Inv-CW has an essential function in carbohydrate supply
expression of isoform LIN6 in sink tissues, such as pollen grains and vascular tissues of leaves and stems
expressed to a higher extent in promastigotes than in amastigotes. Induction increases over time and the strongest mRNA induction is observed at day 7, suggesting that invertase expression is highly expressed by promastigotes at stationary phase
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expressed to a higher extent in promastigotes than in amastigotes. Induction increases over time and the strongest mRNA induction is observed at day 7, suggesting that invertase expression is highly expressed by promastigotes at stationary phase
expressed to a higher extent in promastigotes than in amastigotes. Induction increases over time and the strongest mRNA induction is observed at day 7, suggesting that invertase expression is highly expressed by promastigotes at stationary phase
in the anther strong expression of OsCIN2, in the ovary strong expression of OsCIN2, in the caryopsis day 4 strong expression of OsCIN2 (strong in vascular parenchyma of chalazal vein, weak in cross-cells, nucellar tissue, endosperm, and lateral vein, and not in pericarp), in the caryopsis day 7 strong expression of OsCIN2 (strong in vascular parenchyma of chalazal vein xylem and aleurone layer, weak in vascular parenchyma of chalazal vein phloem, cross-cells, nucellar projection, inner endosperm, very weakly in pericarp and nucellar epidermis), in the caryopsis day 15 very middle strong expression of OsCIN2, in the caryopsis day 25 almost no expression of OsCIN2
in the anther very strong expression of OsCIN3, in the ovary strong expression of OsCIN3, in the caryopsis day 4 strong expression of OsCIN3 (strong in vascular parenchyma of chalazal vein phloem, cross-cells, nucellar epidermis, endosperm, and lateral vein, weak in vascular parenchyma of chalazal vein xylem, nucellar projection, nucellus, and pericarp), in the caryopsis day 7 strong expression of OsCIN3 (strong in vascular parenchyma of chalazal phloem and aleurone layer, weak in vascular parenchyma of chalazal vein, cross-cells, nucellar projection, epidermis, and endosperm), in the caryopsis day 15 very weak expression of OsCIN3, in the caryopsis day 25 almost no expression of OsCIN3
in the anther weak expression of OsCIN1, in the ovary strong expression of OsCIN1, in the caryopsis day 4 strong expression of OsCIN1, in the caryopsis day 7 strong expression of OsCIN1, in the caryopsis day 15 very weak expression of OsCIN1, and in the caryopsis day 25 almost no expression of OsCIN1
VIN activity in elongating fibers is approximately 4-6fold higher than that in leaves, stems, and roots
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in the root tips, the activity of the vacuolar and cell wall-bound invertases increases markedly under water stress resulting in the accumulation of hexoses (glucose and fructose) that contributes significantly to osmotic adjustment. A transient rise in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) precedes the enhancement of invertases upon exposure to osmotic stress. H2O2 probably generated by a NADPH oxidase is required as a signalling molecule for the up-regulation of the vacuolar invertase activity in the root tips under osmotic stress, thereby enhancing the capacity for osmotic adjustment
VIN activity is undetectable in fiberless cotton seed epidermis but becomes evident in initiating fibers
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seed coat invertase expression may be required for adequate sugar supply and balanced sugar and auxin signaling to support filial tissue development
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expression of isozyme Inv-CW in the thin-walled parenchyma of the seed coat, the site of assimilate unloading into the apoplast
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cell wall invertase INCW2 localizes exclusively to the basal endosperm transfer cells of developing seeds
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highest activity at the apex of the coleoptile, much lower in the primary leaf, mesocotyl and root
OsCIN3 is more constitutively expressed in all sink and source tissues
strong expression of OsCIN1 (sink and source tissues)
expression of isozyme lbbetafruct3 is restricted to shoots and leaves
VIN activity in elongating fibers is approximately 4-6fold higher than that in leaves, stems, and roots
expression of isoform LIN6 in sink tissues, such as pollen grains and vascular tissues of leaves and stems
in the shoot strong expression of OsCIN1, in the root strong expression of OsCIN1, in the sink leaf blade strong expression of OsCIN1, in the source leaf blade weak expression of OsCIN1, in the leaf sheath weak expression of OsCIN1, in the internode weak expression of OsCIN1
in the shoot strong expression of OsCIN3, in the root strong expression of OsCIN3, in the sink leaf blade very strong expression of OsCIN3, in the source leaf blade strong expression of OsCIN3, in the leaf sheath strong expression of OsCIN3, in the internode strong expression of OsCIN3
in the shoot weak expression of OsCIN2, in the root weak expression of OsCIN2, in the sink leaf blade strong expression of OsCIN2, in the source leaf blade no expression of OsCIN2, in the leaf sheath no expression of OsCIN2, in the internode strong expression of OsCIN2
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PaxgINV1 exclusively involved in dormancy processes, PaxgINV2 rather in phloem uploading and providing actively growing tissue such as xylem
additional information
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culture conditions of wild-type and mutant strains: preferred as carbohydrate and nitrogen sources are wheat bran and corn steep liquor, pH 5.5-6.5, optimal conditions, overview, fermentation kinetics of wild-type and mutant strains with different substrates in submerged fermentations, overview
additional information
isozyme lbbetafruct2 is expressed in most tissues, except for mature leaves and sprouting storage roots, exspecially in sink organs
additional information
isozyme lbbetafruct2 is expressed in most tissues, except for mature leaves and sprouting storage roots, exspecially in sink organs
additional information
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isozyme lbbetafruct2 is expressed in most tissues, except for mature leaves and sprouting storage roots, exspecially in sink organs
additional information
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dark-grown Nicotiana tabacum cells transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens
additional information
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tissue-specific expression of isozymes at flowering and during drought or heat stress, overview
additional information
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tomato lines with strongly reduced source leaf cell wall-bound invertase activity by RNAi inhibition, 10-15% source leaf activity, while sink leaves and petioles still have 40-60% of wild-type activity, no alterations in other organs and tissue: Lin8-RNAi line 33, line 50, line 57, gene-silencing
