3.2.1.26: beta-fructofuranosidase This is an abbreviated version! For detailed information about beta-fructofuranosidase, go to the full flat file .
Reaction
raffinose +
H2O =
beta-D-fructofuranose +
6-O alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranose
Synonyms A/N-InvG, acid invertase, Acid sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase, acINV, AFR529Wp, AI, AIV, alkaline invertase, alkaline invertase InvA, alkaline invertase InvB, alkaline/neutral invertase, Atbetafruct4, b-fructofuranosidase, beta-(1-2)-fructofuranosidase, beta-D-fructofuranosidase, beta-D-fructofuranosidase fructohydrolase, beta-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase, beta-FFase, beta-fructofuranosidase, beta-fructofuranosidase I, beta-fructofuranoside fructohydrolyase, beta-fructosidase, beta-h-fructosidase, BfrA, BlsacA, Bmsuc1, cell wall invertase, cell wall invertase 4, cell wall-bound invertase, cell wall-bound ivertase, cell-wall invertase, cell-wall invertase 1, CIN, Cin1, CIN12, Cin5, CINV1, CscA, CWI, CWIN, CWIN1, Cwinv-1, cwINV1, cytosolic invertase, EINV1, EINV2, EINV3, EINV4, FCWI, Ffase, FFase I, Ffh, fructofuranosidase, beta-, fructosylinvertase, glucosucrase, INAC-INV, INCW2, INV, Inv-CW, INV-E, Inv-V, INV1p, INV2, INVA, INVB, invertase, invertase 1, invertase 2, Invertase E1, invertase SUC2, invertin, lbbetafruct2, lbbetafruct3, Lin5, Lin6, Lin7, Lyc e 2.01, Lyc e 2.02, maxinvert L 1000, More, neutral invertase, NI, Nin88, OsCIN1, OsCIN2, OsCIN3, Protein B46, re-INVB, SacA, saccharase, SAI, soluble acid invertase, Suc2, SucB, sucrase, Sucrase E1, Sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase, TIV-1, Uninv, uninv2, Vacuolar invertase, vacuolar invertase 1, vacuolar invertase CvINV, vacuolar invertase NvINV, VIN, VIN1, VIN2, Vinv-1, VINV1, VINV2, VINV3, yeast invertase
ECTree
Activating Compound
Activating Compound on EC 3.2.1.26 - beta-fructofuranosidase
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14-3-3 protein
combined interaction with 14-3-3 protein and calcium-dependent kinase 3 enhances enzyme activity
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2-mercaptoethanol
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134.4% activity at 1 mM
abscisic acid
water stress and abscisic acid activate the vacuolar isozyme and rapidly induce the expression of gene Ivr2 encoding the vacuolar isozyme in leaves and roots, in addition to accumulation of hexoses, glucose supply or polyethylene glycol at 1% do not directly activate the isozyme but induce its expression
Alkaline phosphatase
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336 mM, 27% inhibition
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Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall/vacuolar inhibitor of fructosidase 2
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122% activation of vacuolar invertase
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Beta vulgaris cell wall/vacuolar inhibitor of fructosidase
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135% activation of vacuolar inveraase
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beta-Lactoglobulin
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336 mM, 27% inhibition
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carboxymethylcellulose
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33.17% increase of activity at 0.5 mM
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cis-(+)-abscisic acid
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concanavalin A
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activates isozyme IT II best at 0.9 mg/ml
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D-glucose
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stimulates activity 2.68fold at 40 mM
D-sorbitol cinnamic ester
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intense hydrophobic interactions between cinnamoyl groups of the compound with related groups of the enzyme immobilizes the enzyme and enhances substrate affinity and hydrolysis rate, immobilization at pH 5.5, 4°C, 12 h
deoxycholic acid
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10 mM, 137% of initial activity activity
dithiothreitol
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1 mM, 134% of initial activity
DTNB
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0.5 mM, 11% activation of isozyme IT II, 24% inhibition of isozyme IT I
DTT
26% activation at 1 mM
Human gamma-globulin
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336 mM, 27% inhibition
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iodoacetamide
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enhances activity
K2HPO4
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0.05% (w/v) KH2PO4 stimulates the production of FFase to 18%
lectin
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lectins specific for alpha-mannose or alpha-glucose, activate. Lectins specific for N-acetylglucosamine oligomers, N-acetylgalactosamine or galactose do not activate
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MgSO4
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119.76% increase of activity at 0.5 mM
NaBr
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130.9% activity at 1 mM
NaCl
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120% activity at 1 mM
NH4F
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130.5% activity at 1 mM
Nicotiana tabacum vacuolar inhibitor of fructosidase
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154% activation of vacuolar invertase
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reduced glutathione
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activates
Triton X-100
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10 mM, 138% of initial activity activity
Tween-80
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10 mM, 138% of initial activity activity
urease
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activates isozyme IT II best at 0.1 mg/ml
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Zn(NO3)2
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155.4% activity at 1 mM
bovine serum albumin
41% activation at 1 mM
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bovine serum albumin
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activates
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bovine serum albumin
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activates
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bovine serum albumin
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activates isozyme IT II best at 0.2 mg/ml, and isozyme IT I slightly at 100 mg/ml
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bovine serum albumin
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activates
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bovine serum albumin
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stimulates intracellular enzyme
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bovine serum albumin
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activates
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EDTA
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slightly stimulating at 1 mM
EDTA
32% activation at 1 mM
EDTA
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10 mM, 47% increase in activity
EDTA
slight activity increase
Mg2+
-
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Polyvinylpyrrolidone
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synthetic polymer 2% PVP K 30
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
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activates
additional information
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the cell wall-bound isozyme is induced by pathogen white blister rust, Albugo andida, attack on leaves, both the cell wall-bound and the vacuolar isozymes are up-regulated by hormone growth regulators, e.g. by gibberellin, GA4
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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additional information
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increase of enzyme activity in mesocarp tissue leaves during fruit development
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additional information
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the cell wall-bound isozyme is rapidly induced by pathogen Erwinia carotovora attack on roots and leaves
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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additional information
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not activated by trans-abscisic acid
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additional information
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the enzyme can be significantly inactivated by high pressure processing with pressure (50-600 MPa) at 45°C and 50°C, and be activated by high pressure processing (50-400 MPa) at 40°C. The secondary structure of the enzyme is not sensitive to high pressure processing, and its tertiary structure is modified by high pressure processing. High pressure processing at 400 MPa/50°C for 2.5 min induces dissociation of the enzyme, and high pressure processing at 600 MPa/50°C for 30 min results aggregation and fibril formation of the enzyme
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additional information
the cell wall-bound isozyme is induced by infection of leaves with the potato virus Y, and is up-regulated by hormone growth regulators, e.g. by abscisic acid
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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additional information
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plant hormones abscisic acid and gibberellic acid induce cell wall isozyme CIN2 in peduncles, drought stress highly induces the cell wall-bound isozyme CIN2 7fold, and the vacuolar isozyme VIN2
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additional information
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the cell wall-bound isozyme Cin1 is up-regulated by hormone growth regulators, e.g. by cytokinin
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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additional information
the enzyme is up-regulated by hormone growth regulators, e.g. by gibberellic acid, GA3
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additional information
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brassinisteroids specifically induce the cell wall-bound isozyne CW in suspension cultured cells
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additional information
the cell wall-bound isozyme Lin6 is up-regulated by hormone growth regulators, e.g. by cytokinin
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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additional information
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the vacuolar isozyme is induced by cold, temperature 1-4°C, in tubers during storage
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additional information
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abscisic acid specifically activates both cell wall-bound and soluble acid invertases in vivo in a pH-dependent manner in developing grape berry leading to accumulation in crop sink organs, no effect by abscisic acid analogues (-)-ABA and trans-ABA, overview, the activation is affected positively by Ser/Thr protein kinase K252a, staurosporine, H7, and acid phosphatase, negatively by quercetin, overview
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additional information
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induction of gene Irv2 in response to water stress in leaves
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additional information
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wounding and pathogen attack induces the enzyme
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