3.2.1.157: iota-carrageenase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about iota-carrageenase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 3.2.1.157
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3.2.1.157
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fortis
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alteromonas
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glycoside
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iota-carrageenans
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oligosaccharide
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zobellia
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polysaccharide
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hydrolases
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tetrasaccharide
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eucheuma
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kappa-carrageenases
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right-handed
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kappa
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algal
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galactanivorans
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beta-helix
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cellulophaga
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disaccharide
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lambda-carrageenan
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kappa-carrageenan
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polysaccharidases
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synthesis
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analysis
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industry
- 3.2.1.157
- fortis
- alteromonas
- glycoside
- iota-carrageenans
- oligosaccharide
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zobellia
- polysaccharide
- hydrolases
- tetrasaccharide
- eucheuma
- kappa-carrageenases
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right-handed
- kappa
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algal
- galactanivorans
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beta-helix
- cellulophaga
- disaccharide
- lambda-carrageenan
- kappa-carrageenan
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polysaccharidases
- synthesis
- analysis
- industry
Reaction
4-O-sulfonato-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-3,6-anhydro-2-O-sulfonato-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-3)-4-O-sulfonato-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-3,6-anhydro-2-O-sulfonato-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-3)-4-O-sulfonato-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-3,6-anhyd =
Synonyms
AXE80_00300, Cgi, Cgi82A, CgiA, cgiA2, cgiB, CgiB_Ce, cgiF, endo-type iota-carrageenase, GH82 iota-carrageenase, iota-carrageenase, iotase, zobellia_4265
ECTree
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Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 3.2.1.157 - iota-carrageenase
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REACTION DIAGRAM
iota-/nu-carrageenan + H2O
hydrolyzed iota/nu-carrageenan
Alteromonas fortis
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the smallest hybrid is an octasaccharide with a iota-iota-nu-iota structure, the second fraction is composed of two decasaccharides with iota-iota-iota-nu-iota and iota-[iota/nu]iota-iota structures, the third fraction is a mixture of dodecasaccharides which contains at least a iota-iota-iota-iota-nu-iota oligosaccharide
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carrabiose + iota-carratetraose
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-
-
?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
neo-iota-carratetraose + ?
CgiF is an endo-type iota-carrageenase that hydrolyzes beta-1,4-linkages of iota-carrageenan, yielding neo-iota-carratetraose as the main product
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-
?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
neo-iota-carratetraose + neo-iota-carrahexaose
Alteromonas fortis
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-
most abundant products
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
hydrolyzed iota-carrageenan
Alteromonas fortis
from an open conformation which allows the initial endo-attack of iota-carrageenan chains, the enzyme switches to a closed-tunnel form, consistent with its highly processive character
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-
?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
hydrolyzed iota-carrageenan
Alteromonas fortis
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hybrid kappa/iota-carrageeans extracted from Gigartina skottsbergii, Chondracanthus chamissoi, and Chondrus crispus are incubated with Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora kappa-carrageenase and Alteromonas fortis iota-carrageenase. A low percentage of degradation is observed after treatment by iota-carrageenase, suggesting that long segments of iota-carrabiose or block of iota-carrageenan are low in abundance
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-
?
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose
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-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose
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-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose
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-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose
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-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose
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-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose
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-
-
?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose
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-
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?
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carrahexaose + iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
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-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose
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?
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
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-
-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
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disaccharides and tetrasaccharides as main products
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
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disaccharides and tetrasaccharides as main products
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora CICC 23819
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora CICC 23819
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disaccharides and tetrasaccharides as main products
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
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-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
commercial substrate type II, the major end product is iota-carrageenan tetrasaccharide, hydrolytic pattern analysis by mass spectrometry
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127
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-
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-carratetraose + iota-carrabiose
Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127
commercial substrate type II, the major end product is iota-carrageenan tetrasaccharide, hydrolytic pattern analysis by mass spectrometry
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-
?
iota-neocarratetraose sulfate + iota-neocarrahexaose sulfate
Alteromonas fortis
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-neocarratetraose sulfate + iota-neocarrahexaose sulfate
the enzyme cleaves beta-1,4 linkages in iota-carrageenan to produce a high ratio of iota-carrageenan tetramer, more than 75% of the total product
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-
?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-neocarratetraose sulfate + iota-neocarrahexaose sulfate
the enzyme cleaves beta-1,4 linkages in iota-carrageenan to produce a high ratio of iota-carrageenan tetramer, more than 75% of the total product
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
iota-neocarratetraose sulfate + iota-neocarrahexaose sulfate
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endohydrolytic cleavage, the enzyme proceeds with an overall inversion of the anomeric configuration
major end products
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
neo-iota-carratetraose
yielding neo-iota-carratetraose as the main product in the absence of NaCl
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
neo-iota-carratetraose
the endo-type iota-carrageenase hydrolyzes beta-1,4-linkages of iota-carrageenan
neo-carratetraose is the main product with more than 80% of the total product
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?
iota-carrageenan + H2O
neo-iota-carratetraose
the endo-type iota-carrageenase hydrolyzes beta-1,4-linkages of iota-carrageenan yielding neo-iota-carratetraose as the main product in the absence of NaCl, mass and NMR spectrometric product analysis, overview
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?
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no activity towards jota-carrageenan, kappa-carrageenan or agarose
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?
additional information
?
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kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenase display strict specificity for their substrates, namely kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenans, respectively. The enzymes discriminate the substrate probably by recognizing the sulfation pattern of the digalactose reapeting unit of the polysaccharide. iota-Carrageenas present conserved arginine residues in the catalytic site which are believed to interact with carrageenans in which both sugar residues in the disaccharide units are negatively charged
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme does not cleave the beta-1,4 linkages in kappa- or lambda-carrageenan
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme does not cleave the beta-1,4 linkages in kappa- or lambda-carrageenan
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?
additional information
?
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kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenase display strict specificity for their substrates, namely kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenans, respectively. The enzymes discriminate the substrate probably by recognizing the sulfation pattern of the digalactose reapeting unit of the polysaccharide. iota-Carrageenas present conserved arginine residues in the catalytic site which are believed to interact with carrageenans in which both sugar residues in the disaccharide units are negatively charged
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-
?
additional information
?
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analysis of hydrolysis products by thin layer chromatography, the endohydrolytic activity produces low molecular weight iota-carrageenan oligomers. The oligosaccharides observed include iota-carrageenan disaccharide (Dp2), tetrasaccharide (Dp4), and hexasaccharide (Dp6)
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?
additional information
?
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analysis of hydrolysis products by thin layer chromatography, the endohydrolytic activity produces low molecular weight iota-carrageenan oligomers. The oligosaccharides observed include iota-carrageenan disaccharide (Dp2), tetrasaccharide (Dp4), and hexasaccharide (Dp6)
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme does not cleave the beta-1,4 linkages in kappa- or lambda-carrageenan
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-
?
additional information
?
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kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenase display strict specificity for their substrates, namely kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenans, respectively. The enzymes discriminate the substrate probably by recognizing the sulfation pattern of the digalactose reapeting unit of the polysaccharide. iota-Carrageenas present conserved arginine residues in the catalytic site which are believed to interact with carrageenans in which both sugar residues in the disaccharide units are negatively charged
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?
additional information
?
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the supernatant of marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora ASY5 can degrade iota-carrageenans and kappa-carrageenans (EC 3.2.1.83)
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?
additional information
?
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analysis of hydrolysis products by ESI-mass spectrometry
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?
additional information
?
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the supernatant of marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora ASY5 can degrade iota-carrageenans and kappa-carrageenans (EC 3.2.1.83)
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?
additional information
?
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analysis of hydrolysis products by ESI-mass spectrometry
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?
additional information
?
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Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora CICC 23819
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the supernatant of marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora ASY5 can degrade iota-carrageenans and kappa-carrageenans (EC 3.2.1.83)
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?
additional information
?
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Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora CICC 23819
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analysis of hydrolysis products by ESI-mass spectrometry
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?
additional information
?
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-
kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenase display strict specificity for their substrates, namely kappa-, iota- and lambda-carrageenans, respectively. The enzymes discriminate the substrate probably by recognizing the sulfation pattern of the digalactose reapeting unit of the polysaccharide. iota-Carrageenas present conserved arginine residues in the catalytic site which are believed to interact with carrageenans in which both sugar residues in the disaccharide units are negatively charged
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-
?
additional information
?
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the recombinant enzyme exhibits slight effects on kappa-carrageenan (0.27 U/mg) and lambda-carrageenan (0.52 U/mg), those activities are two orders lower than that on iota-carrageenan, and may be attributed to the iota-carrageenan impurity in kappa-carrageenan and lambda-carrageenan substrates
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?
additional information
?
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the recombinant enzyme exhibits slight effects on kappa-carrageenan (0.27 U/mg) and lambda-carrageenan (0.52 U/mg), those activities are two orders lower than that on iota-carrageenan, and may be attributed to the iota-carrageenan impurity in kappa-carrageenan and lambda-carrageenan substrates
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-
?
additional information
?
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Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127
the recombinant enzyme exhibits slight effects on kappa-carrageenan (0.27 U/mg) and lambda-carrageenan (0.52 U/mg), those activities are two orders lower than that on iota-carrageenan, and may be attributed to the iota-carrageenan impurity in kappa-carrageenan and lambda-carrageenan substrates
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme shows no activity with kappa-carrageenan, lambda-carrageenan, agar or agarose
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?