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agriculture
agricultural soils are often co-contaminated with different types of pesticides. For example, organophosphates and pyrethroids usually are applied together for pest control. So far, microorganisms with both OP- and pyrethroid-degrading activity have not been isolated from natural environments. Alternatively, construction of engineered microbes with broad-spectrum pesticide-degrading activity may be a promising strategy for bioremediation of mixed pesticides-contaminated soil. To construct multifunctional pesticide degrading microorganisms, the co-expression of multiple degrading enzymes in a host strain may be a feasible approach. Both MPH and PytH are coexpressed in a soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440, resulting in an engineered strain with the capability to simultaneously degrade OPs and pyrethroids. Six pesticides (methyl parathion, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, permethrin, fenopropathrin, cypermethrin) can be effectively degraded by the engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Therefore, the engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440 could potentially be applied for in situ bioremediation of soil co-contaminated with organophosphates and pyrethroids
diagnostics
decrease of serum PON1 activities is usually related to many chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancers, migraine, pulmonary tuberculosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, gastroesophageal malignancies, depression, nephritic syndrome, hemodialysis, metabolic syndrome, and liver disease. Determination of PON1 activity has a significant diagnostic value in predicting disease status. PON1 shows very good adaptability in assay development with different substrates, PON1 substrate exhibit many degrees of freedom in docking simulations
drug development
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PON1 variants with catalytic efficacy that will qualify them as potential drug candidate for prophylactic treatment of nerve agent intoxication
nutrition
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no effect of caloric restriction upon triglyceride or total cholesterol concentration or on enzyme mRNA level. Enzyme activity tends to be higher in females and drops with caloric restriction in both genders. Variations in enzyme activity and apolipoprotein levels show gender-related differences that indicate a different adaptive strategy of male and female animals when faced with a period of food restriction
analysis
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PON1 status can be used as a potential biomarker for insecticides metabolites in urine, e.g. dimethyl phosphate and diethyl phosphate, and of susceptibility to organophosphate toxicity, overview
analysis
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development of a polymerized crystalline colloidal array photonic crystal sensing material which reversibly senses the organophosphate compound methyl paraoxon at micromolar concentrations in aqueous solutions using the enzyme, mechanism, overview
analysis
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description of an easy and non-toxic method for large scale phenotyping and activity quantitation of arylesterase
analysis
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PON1 has the potential to be used as a catalytic bioscavenger of nerve agents. Insect production of PON1 may provide a source for both in vitro enzymatic and crystallographic studies and in vivo stability and anti-nerve agent efficacy testing
biotechnology
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chemo-enzymatic procedure for chiral synthesis of soman analogues, use of mutants to reverse stereoselectivity
biotechnology
future biotechnological developments of PTE as a detoxifying enzyme
degradation
the enzyme is used for the detoxification of organophosphate pesticides and realted chemical warfare agents such as VX and sarin
degradation
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a series of substituted phenoxyalkyl pyridinium oximes enhance the degradation of surrogates of sarin (i.e. nitrophenyl isopropyl methylphosphonate, NIMP) and VX (i.e. nitrophenyl ethyl methylphosphonate, NEMP). Neither NIMP nor NEMP is hydrolyzed effectively by paraoxonase PON1 if one of these oximes is absent. In the presence of eight novel oximes, PON1-mediated degradation of both surrogates occurs
degradation
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activity and stability of organophosphorus hydrolase are enhanced by interactions between the hydrophobic poly(propylene oxide) block of amphiphilic Pluronics and the enzyme. The strategy provides an efficient route to new formulations for decontaminating organophosphate neurotoxins
environmental protection
the enzyme is involved in detoxification of organophosphorus pesticides and chemical warfare agents sarin and VX
environmental protection
the enzyme is used for the detoxification of organophosphate pesticides and related chemical warfare agents such as VX and sarin
environmental protection
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enzymes showing phosphotriesterase activity are capable of hydrolysing organophosphate phosphotriesters, a class of synthetic compounds employed worldwide both as insecticides and chemical warfare agents. Thermostable enzymes able to hydrolyse organophosphate phosphotriesters are considered good candidates for the set-up of efficient detoxification tools
environmental protection
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enzymes showing phosphotriesterase activity are capable of hydrolysing the organophosphate phosphotriesters, a class of synthetic compounds employed worldwide both as insecticides and chemical warfare agents. Thermostable enzymes able to hydrolyse organophosphate phosphotriesters are considered good candidates for the set-up of efficient detoxification tools
environmental protection
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thermostable phosphotriesterase-like lactonases (PLLs) are able to degrade organophosphates and can be potentially employed as bioremediation tools and bioscavengers
environmental protection
thermostable phosphotriesterase-like lactonases (PLLs) are able to degrade organophosphates and can be potentially employed as bioremediation tools and bioscavengers. The enzyme is employable in cleaning organophosphates from different surfaces like glass, tissues, and fruits, also in presence of surfactants and even when dissolved in tap water
medicine
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enzymic activities in patiens with dementia or hyperlipidaemia
medicine
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isozyme PON1 activity levels are 25-35% lower in people who were exposed to long-term ionizing radiation
medicine
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relevance of enzyme polymorphism for modulating sensitivity to organometallic compounds
medicine
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isozyme PON1 is effective at reducing the activity of phospholipid oxidation products
medicine
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enzyme activity is closely connected with high density lipoprotein. Analysis of major factors modulating enzyme activity such as environmental chemicals, drugs, smoking, alcohol and implications for cardiovascular disease
medicine
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enzyme hydrolyzes the potent inhibitor of human acetylcholinesterase, mono(diethylphosphoryl)obidoxime
medicine
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in children with autism there are higher levels of total homocysteine, low enzyme activity and suboptimal levels of vitamin B12
medicine
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no effect of caloric restriction upon triglyceride or total cholesterol concentration or on enzyme mRNA level. Enzyme activity tends to be higher in females and drops with caloric restriction in both genders. Variations in enzyme activity and apolipoprotein levels show gender-related differences that indicate a different adaptive strategy of male and female animals when faced with a period of food restriction
medicine
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both PON1 bioavailability and catalytic activity are decreased in children with autism spectrum disorders
medicine
diminished paraoxonase and arylesterase activity is associated with particular stage, grade and CA-125 level of ovarian cancer
medicine
oxidative stress in coronary heart disease patients is maintained by systemic low-grade inflammation, which results in PON1 enzymatic activity exhaustion
medicine
PON1 activity is lower in chronic hepatitis patients compared with the control subjects
medicine
the enzyme carried by high-density lipoprotein, exerts a protective effect against oxidative damage of cells and lipoproteins, modulating the susceptibility of high-density lipoprotein to atherogenic modifications and has an anti-inflammatory role, low PON1 activity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease
medicine
the RR-phenotype of Q192R with low PON1 activity towards paraoxon and diazoxon is significantly more frequent in newly diagnosed diabetes type 2 subjects compared with normal glucose tolerance subjects
medicine
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human paraoxonase 1 is a catalytic bioscavenger for pre-treatment and therapy of organophosphorus compounds poisoning
medicine
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paraoxonase 1 significantly protects against sarin and soman exposure in guinea pigs and supports the development of paraoxonase 1 as a catalytic bioscavenger for protection against lethal exposure of chemical warfare nerve agents exposure
medicine
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paraoxonase 1 significantly protects against sarin and soman exposure in guinea pigs and supports the development of paraoxonase 1 as a catalytic bioscavenger for protection against lethal exposure of chemical warfare nerve agents exposure
medicine
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PON1 shows potential as a prophylactic treatment against tabun exposure
medicine
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PON1 shows potential as a prophylactic treatment against tabun exposure
medicine
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the lower enzyme activity in metabolic syndrome are considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease
medicine
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the paraoxonase 1 polymorphism Q192R may play a minor role as a risk marker for developing lacunar infarctions in a group of Iranian population
medicine
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ethanol consumption causes a significant decrease in liver paraoxonase activity. Gallic acid treatment partly restores this decreased paraoxonase activity. A gallic acid dose of 100 mg/kg shows highest restoring effect for paraoxonase activity. The activity of arylesterase is decreased in the ethanol group, but this decrease is not significant. Gallic acid treatment restores the loss of this activity due to ethanol exposure
medicine
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in patients with ankylosing spondylitis with active disease, levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low denstiy lipoprotein and malondialdehyde are significantly elevated while high density liporpoteon, paraoxonase PON1 and arylesterase ARE levels are lower than those with no active ankylosing spondylitis. Decrease in the PON1/ARE activity leading to generation of oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. Activity of PON1/ARE in patients with ankylosing spondylitis seems to be strictly correlated with the activity of the inflammatory process
medicine
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in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, total antioxidant status levels are significantly lower than that of controls. Total oxidant status levels are higher than those of controls. Paraoxonase PON1 and arylesterase activities of patients are lower than those of controls. Serum levels of total and low density lipid cholesterol are significantly reduced in Parkinson's disease patients
medicine
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in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, total antioxidant status levels are significantly lower than that of controls. Total oxidant status levels of the patients are higher than that of controls. Paraoxonase PON1 and arylesterase activities of the patients are lower, but not significantly, than those of controls. There is no correlation between serum PON1 activity and oxidaive stress index in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Endogenousantioxidants may have been exhausted by increased oxidative stress and additional antioxidant treatment might be beneficial for these patients
medicine
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in patients with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor intoxication, the serum total antioxidant capacity levels and the paraoxonase and arylesterase activities are significantly lower, whereas the serum malondialdehyde levels are significantly higher than in the controls, indicating that decreased paraoxonase PON1 activity and increased oxidative stress represent alternative mechanisms in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor toxicity
medicine
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serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities are significantly lower in patients with osteomyelitis compared to control individuals. Arylesterase activity is inversely correlated with triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations
medicine
use of organophosphorus hydrolase OpdA prevents lethality in an African green monkey model of acute organophosphrus poisoning. Treated monkeys received 1.2 mg/kg OpdA iv immediately after poisoning with dichlorvos. In Opda-treated animals, heart andrespiratory rates are unchanged from baseline over a 240-minute observation period. AChE activityslowly declines, but remains above 25% of baseline for the entire duration. Dichlorvos concentrationsreach a mean peak of 0.19 microg/ml at 40 min after poisoning and decrease to a mean of 0.05 microg/ml at 240 min
medicine
h-PON1 is a strong candidate for the development of therapeutic intervention against many diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, and organophosphate (OP)-detoxifying properties in humans
medicine
human paraoxonase 1 (h-PON1) is a potential candidate for the development of antidote against organophosphate (OP) compounds poisoning in humans. Insufficient organophosphate-hydrolyzing activity of native enzyme affirms the urgent need to develop improved variant(s) having enhanced organophosphate-hydrolyzing activity
medicine
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paraoxonase-1 arylesterase activity is an independent predictor of myeloperoxidase levels in overweight patients with or without cardiovascular complications
medicine
PON1 activity and expression levels are important for determining susceptibility to organophosphorus compounds intoxication and risk of developing diseases related to inflammation and oxidative stress
medicine
PON1 shows great promise as a biotherapeutic due to its role in atherosclerosis and because of its ability to hydrolyze a broad range of organophosphates, including pesticides and nerve agents such as sarin, soman, and VX
synthesis
efficient production of enzyme in Escherichia coli, by designing high cell density cultivations and a membrane-based downstream process. In fed batches, enzyme production is increased by 69fold up to 4660 U/l, using galactose as inducer. the process is scalable from 2.5 up to 150 l. An enzyme recovery of 77% with a purity grade of 80% can be reached
synthesis
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efficient production of enzyme in Escherichia coli, by designing high cell density cultivations and a membrane-based downstream process. In fed batches, enzyme production is increased by 69fold up to 4660 U/l, using galactose as inducer. the process is scalable from 2.5 up to 150 l. An enzyme recovery of 77% with a purity grade of 80% can be reached
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additional information
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design of stable mutants on PON1-scavengers to be used as safe and effective countermeasures to challenge organophosphates
additional information
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PON1 is an attractive as a candidate bioscavenger of organophosphorus compounds
additional information
the organophosphorus-hydrolyzing enzymes such as Brevundimonas diminuta phosphotriesterase (PTE) are used for development of alternative catalytic bioscavengers to treat organophosphorus agents, e.g. pesticides and warfare agents, intoxications of humans
additional information
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the organophosphorus-hydrolyzing enzymes such as Brevundimonas diminuta phosphotriesterase (PTE) are used for development of alternative catalytic bioscavengers to treat organophosphorus agents, e.g. pesticides and warfare agents, intoxications of humans