3.1.22.1: deoxyribonuclease II
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about deoxyribonuclease II, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 3.1.22.1
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3.1.22.1
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chromatin
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endonuclease
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nuclei
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spleen
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nucleases
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nucleosome
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cathepsins
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micrococcal
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engulf
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caspase-independent
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spiralis
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medicine
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trichinella
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caspase-activated
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dnaase
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ii-like
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internucleosomal
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undigested
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endonucleolytic
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nonhistone
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corpses
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cation-independent
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analysis
- 3.1.22.1
- chromatin
- endonuclease
- nuclei
- spleen
- nucleases
- nucleosome
- cathepsins
-
micrococcal
-
engulf
-
caspase-independent
- spiralis
- medicine
- trichinella
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caspase-activated
- dnaase
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ii-like
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internucleosomal
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undigested
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endonucleolytic
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nonhistone
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corpses
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cation-independent
- analysis
Reaction
endonucleolytic cleavage to nucleoside 3'-phosphates and 3'-phosphooligonucleotide end-products =
Synonyms
acid deoxyribonuclease, acid DNase, crn-7, deoxyribonuclease II, deoxyribonuclease IIalpha, deoxyribonuclease IIbeta, deoxyribonucleate 3'-nucleotidohydrolase, DNase 2, DNase 2a, DNase II, DNase II homolog, DNase II-1, DNase II-7, DNase IIalpha, DNase IIb, DNase IIbeta, EC 3.1.4.6, L-DNase II, LEI, LEI-derived DNase II, LEI/L-DNase II, leukocyte elastase inhibitor-derived DNase II, leukocyte elastase inhibitor/LEI-derived DNase II, lysosomal DNase II, Nuc-1, NUC-1 apoptotic nuclease, pancreatic DNase II, plancitoxin 1, R31240_2, Sjda, TsDNase II-1, TsDNase II-7
ECTree
3.1.22.1 deoxyribonuclease IIAdvanced search results
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results (Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 3.1.22.1 - deoxyribonuclease II
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SUBSTRATE 
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
bis(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate + H2O
p-nitrophenol + p-nitrophenyl phosphate:
-
slow hydrolysis at optimal pH from 5.6 to 5.9
-
?
calf thymus DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
-
-
?
deoxyribonucleoside 5'-phosphates p-nitrophenyl esters + H2O
p-nitrophenol + deoxyribonucleoside 5'-phosphates
-
-
-
?
dsDNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
velocity of DNA degradtion is four times higher four dsDNA than for ssDNA
-
-
?
duplex-oligonucleotide + H2O
?
-
20- and 16mers with specific sequences and structures like hairpin and duplex DNA, can cut bonds in a loop at nearly the same rate as in duplex DNA, doesn't require phosphate exposure or a double-stranded track
-
?
d[ApAp(S)ApA] + H2O
d[Ap(S)ApA] + 3'-dAMP
-
digestion of Rp- and Sp-isomers
after 2 h incubation, prolonged incubation leads to d[Ap(S)Ap]-Rp-isomer, dA and d[Ap(S)Ap]-Sp-isomer. Does not hydrolyse phosphorothioate internucleotidic linkage of either configuration
?
d[ApApApA] + H2O
d[ApApA] + 3'-dAMP
-
-
after 60 min of incubation, prolonged incubation leads to 3'-dAMP and dA end products in a 3 : 1 ratio
?
ssDNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
velocity of DNA degradtion is four times higher four dsDNA than for ssDNA
-
-
?
chromatin + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
chicken erythrocyte and yeast nuclei
100 bp cleavage-pattern in the condensed form and 200 bp cleavage-pattern in the extended form
?
chromatin + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
SDS and proteinase K treated substrate
single-stranded regions in oligonucleotides are formed, not detected in untreated chromatin
?
chromatin + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
mouse liver chromatin
100 bp cleavage-pattern of H1-reconstituted chromatin, 200 bp cleavage-pattern at the internucleosomal cleavage site of H1-free chromatin
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotide
-
degradation of the DNA of apoptotic cells
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotide
-
using TdT-mediated dUTP-nicked-end labelling, TUNEL, is followed DNA fragmentation that occurs in vivo during programmed cell death, Nuc-1 functions in the elimination of TUNEL-reactive DNA ends to a TUNEL nonreactive state
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
-
fragments longer than 10 nucleotides
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
calf thymus DNA
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
velocity of DNA degradation is four times higher for dsDNA than for ssDNA
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
calf thymus DNA
the 3'-phosphate terminal position contains 78% deoxyadenosine, less than 1% deoxycytidine, 6% deoxyguanosine, 16% thymidine, the 5'-hydroxy position contains 38% thymidine, 24% deoxyguanosine, 21% deoxyadenosine and 17% deoxycytidine
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
double-strand and single-strand DNA, but the enzyme acts preferentially on double-strand DNA
this endonuclease makes double-strand breaks in the DNA substrate
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
double-strand and single-strand DNA, but the enzyme acts preferentially on double-strand DNA
this endonuclease makes double-strand breaks in the DNA substrate
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
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calf thymus DNA
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
native DNA degraded 3-4 times faster than denatured DNA
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
native DNA degraded 5-15 times faster than denatured DNA
average chain length 11 to 15mers
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
preference for double-stranded DNA, terminal four 3'-nucleotides resistant to cleavage
prominent fragments longer than eight nucleotides
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
double-strand DNA
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
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ethanol stress on ARPE-19 cells can induce a pathway which is a form of programmed cell death with characteristics of both apoptosis and necrosis, possibly by triggering conversion of leukocyte elastase inhibitor LEI to L-DNase II
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
DNase II exhibits a catalytic domain common to phospholipase D superfamily
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
the enzyme in macrophages appears to be responsible for destroying the nuclear DNA expelled from erythroid precursor cells
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?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
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it is proposed that DNase II together with the Chk2, p53, and p21 pathway forms a genetic barrier blocking the replication of potentially harmful DNA introduced via apoptotic bodies, thereby preventing transformation and malignant development
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
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calf thymus DNA
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
calf thymus DNA
limited digest yields fragments larger than tetranucleotides, exhaustive digestion yields mono-, di- and trinucleotides, where at the 3'-terminus G predominates
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
The LEI/L-DNase II pathway is activated in light-induced retinal degeneration
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
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The LEI/L-DNase II pathway is activated in light-induced retinal degeneration
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
native DNA degraded 2.5 times faster than heat-denatured DNA
oligonucleotides with an average chain length of about seven
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
calf thymus DNA, micrococcus luteus DNA and poly[d(A-T)d(A-T)]
formation of dinucleotides to 8 nucleotide chain length
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
-
average chain length of oligonucleotides 10-12
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
calf thymus DNA
-
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
double-strand and single-strand scission
formation of oligonucleotides of an average chain length from 14 to 100 in the middle activity phase, purine nucleotides form about 75% of the 3'-terminals, formation of oligonucleotides of an average chain length from 6 to 14 in the terminal activity phase
?
DNA + H2O
3'-phosphooligonucleotides + 5'-hydroxyoligonucleotides
-
independence to double-strand and single-strand break mechanism
-
?
DNA + H2O
?
method of ToLFP (topoisomerase ligation fluorescence probes) is used for directly visualizing DNA fragments generated by DNase II in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. The ratio of non-autonomous and autonomous modes of DNase II is about 3-7. ToLFP method can be used to differentiate the locations of blastomeres where DNase II acts autonomously or non-autonomously in degrading apoptotic DNA
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
?
-
the enzyme could be one of the factors in the late block to polyspermy in the cytoplasm of avian eggs, the enzyme activity might also be responsible for poor efficiency in obtaining transgenic birds by microinjection of exogenous DNA into the fertilised chick ovum
-
?
DNA + H2O
?
-
the enzyme acts on both dsDNA and ssDNA, dsDNA is preferred, the enzyme causes double-strand breaks in DNA substrates and generates 3-phosphate and 5-OH termini
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
?
the enzyme possesses a typical divalent iron-independent DNA catalytic activity
-
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
induces DNA digestion during apoptosis
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
cleaves DNA in co-ordination with other nucleases to produce internucleosomal degradation
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
induces DNA digestion during apoptosis
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
SV40 minichromosome and naked SV40 DNA, preferentially cleaves the SV40 minichromosome at a distinct 72 bp modulator element, near the replication origin, near the T-ag binding site II and near the BamHI site, where termination of replication and late transcription occurs
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
nearest cuts are staggered by 4 nucleotides, 3'end extending, staggered cuts are symmetrically located about a dyad axis in the nucleosome core
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
prefers to cut purine-rich steps in duplex-DNA, will also attack heat-denatured and single-stranded substrates
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
induces DNA digestion during apoptosis
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
involvement in recombination, replication and degradation of DNA
-
?
DNA + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
transformation from leukocyte elastase inhibitor to L-DNase II acts as a switch of protease and nuclease pathways
-
?
nuclei + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
convertes genomic DNA into fragments of less than 2 kbp
-
?
nuclei + H2O
oligonucleotides + ?
-
the 6.5 kbp EcoRI fragment containing the beta-globin gene region shows a 6fold increased sensitivity to DNase II
-
?
supercoiled plasmid DNA + H2O
relaxed plasmid DNA + ?
-
IgGs from rabbit immunized with DNase II effectively hydrolyze DNA
-
-
?
supercoiled plasmid DNA + H2O
relaxed plasmid DNA + ?
-
no sequence specificity
primary reaction product, "nicking" mechanism
?
supercoiled plasmid DNA + H2O
relaxed plasmid DNA + ?
-
plasmid pBR322
primary reaction product, "nicking" mechanism
?
supercoiled plasmid DNA + H2O
relaxed plasmid DNA + ?
-
introduces a strong excess of single-strand nicks relative to double-strand breaks, more than 50% converted to nicked circular DNA
-
?
supercoiled plasmid DNA + H2O
relaxed plasmid DNA + ?
-
plasmid pBR322
primary reaction product, "nicking" mechanism
?
additional information
?
-
The enzyme is required for digesting DNA of apoptotic cell corpses and dietary DNA, it is not required for viability.
-
?
additional information
?
-
The enzyme is required for digesting DNA of apoptotic cell corpses and dietary DNA, it is not required for viability.
-
?
additional information
?
-
The enzyme is required for digesting DNA of apoptotic cell corpses and dietary DNA, it is not required for viability.
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
The enzyme is required for digesting DNA of apoptotic cell corpses and dietary DNA, it is not required for viability.
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
The enzyme plays a role in the degradation of exogenous DNA encountered by phagocytosis and is important for DNA fragmentation and degradation during cell death
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
The enzyme plays a role in the degradation of exogenous DNA encountered by phagocytosis and is important for DNA fragmentation and degradation during cell death
-
?
additional information
?
-
The enzyme is required for digesting DNA of apoptotic cell corpses and dietary DNA, it is not required for viability.
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme is essential to maintaining proper immune function in Drosophila
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is required for degrading DNA of dying cells and this function is necessary for the proper removal of apoptotic nuclei during fetal development
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme precursor Leukocyte Elastase Inhibitor is cleaved by elastase at its reactive center loop. Cleavage abolishes the antiprotease activity and leads to a conformational modification that exposes an endonuclease active site and a nuclear localization signal. Both endonuclease activity and nuclear translocation are needed to induce cell death
-
-
?
