1.4.1.9: leucine dehydrogenase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about leucine dehydrogenase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 1.4.1.9
-
1.4.1.9
-
sphaericus
-
l-valine
-
synthesis
-
l-isoleucine
-
l-2-aminobutyric
-
l-tert-leucine
-
intermedius
-
thermoactinomyces
-
l-threonine
-
analysis
-
space-time
-
3.5.1.5
-
trimethylpyruvate
-
alpha-ketoisocaproate
-
lysinibacillus
-
drug development
-
biotechnology
- 1.4.1.9
- sphaericus
- l-valine
- synthesis
- l-isoleucine
-
l-2-aminobutyric
- l-tert-leucine
- intermedius
-
thermoactinomyces
- l-threonine
- analysis
-
space-time
-
3.5.1.5
- trimethylpyruvate
- alpha-ketoisocaproate
-
lysinibacillus
- drug development
- biotechnology
Reaction
Synonyms
BCD, dehydrogenase, leucine, L-leucine dehydrogenase, L-leucine:NAD+ oxidoreductase, deaminating, LeuDH
ECTree
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Reference on EC 1.4.1.9 - leucine dehydrogenase
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REF. 
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Ohshima, T.; Wandrey, C.; Sugiura, M.; Soda, K.
Screening of thermostable leucine and alanine dehydrogenases in thermophilic Bacillus strains
Biotechnol. Lett.
7
871-876
1985
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria), Lysinibacillus sphaericus
-
Kataoka, K.; Takada, H.; Tanizawa, K.; Yoshimura, T.; Esaki, N.; Ohshima, T.; Soda, K.
Construction and characterization of chimeric enzyme consisting of an amino-terminal domain of phenylalanine dehydrogenase and a carboxy-terminal domain of leucine dehydrogenase
J. Biochem.
116
931-936
1994
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Zink, M.W.; Sanwal, B.D.
L-Leucine dehydrogenase (Bacillus cereus)
Methods Enzymol.
17A
799-802
1970
Bacillus cereus
-
Sanwal, B.D.; Zink, M.W.
L-Leucine dehydrogenase of Bacillus cereus
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
94
430-435
1961
Bacillus cereus
Zink, M.W.; Sanwal, B.D.
The distribution and substrate specificity of L-Leucine dehydrogenase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
99
72-77
1962
Bacillus cereus, Priestia megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus niger, Lysinibacillus sphaericus
-
Schuette, H.; Hummel, W.; Tsai, H.; Kula, M.R.
L-Leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus cereus
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
22
306-317
1985
Bacillus cereus
-
Ohshima, T.; Nagata, S.; Soda, K.
Purification and characterization of thermostable leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus
Arch. Microbiol.
141
407-411
1985
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
-
Livesey, G.; Lund, P.
Isolation and characterization of leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis
Methods Enzymol.
166
282-288
1988
Bacillus subtilis
Kaerst, U.; Schuette, H.; Baydoun, H.; Tsai, H.
Purification and characterization of leucine dehydrogenase from the thermophile Bacillus caldolyticus
J. Gen. Microbiol.
135
1305-1313
1989
[Bacillus] caldolyticus
-
Ohshima, T.; Misono, H.; Soda, K.
Properties of crystalline leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus sphaericus
J. Biol. Chem.
253
5719-5725
1978
Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus cereus, Priestia megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Obermeier, N.; Poralla, K.
Some physiological functions of the L-leucine dehydrogenase in Bacillus subtilis
Arch. Microbiol.
109
59-63
1976
Bacillus subtilis
Ohshima, T.; Yamamoto, T.; Misono, H.; Soda, K.
Leucine dehydrogenase of bacillus sphaericus: sulfhydryl groups and catalytic sites
Agric. Biol. Chem.
42
1739-1743
1978
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
-
Hummel, W.; Schuette, H.; Kula, M.R.
Leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus sphaericus. Optimized production conditions and efficient method for its large-scale purification
Eur. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
12
22-27
1981
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
-
Nagata, S.; Tanizawa, K.; Esaki, N.; Sakamoto, Y.; Ohshima, T.; Tanaka, H.; Soda, K.
Gene cloning and sequence determination of leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus and structural comparison with other NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenases
Biochemistry
27
9056-9062
1988
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Schustolla, D.; Hustedt, H.
Gene cloning and sequence determination of leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus and structural comparison with other NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenases
DECHEMA Biotechnol. Conf.
3
1097-1101
1989
Bacillus cereus
-
Obermeier, N.; Poralla, K.
Experiments on the role of leucine dehydrogenase in initiation of Bacillus subtilis spore germination
FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
5
81-83
1979
Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis 168M
-
Oki, T.; Shirai, M.
Antitumor activities of bacterial leucine dehydrogenase and glutaminase A
FEBS Lett.
33
286-288
1973
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Ohshima, T.; Soda, K.
Modification of leucine dehydrogenase by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
Agric. Biol. Chem.
48
349-354
1984
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
-
Oka, M.; Yang, Y.S.; Nagata, S.; Esaki, N.; Tanaka, H.; Soda, K.
Overproduction of thermostable leucine dehydrogenase of Bacillus stearothermophilus and its one-step purification from recombinant cells of Escherichia coli
Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem.
11
307-311
1989
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Soda, K.; Misono, H.; Mori, K.; Sakato, H.
Crystalline L-leucine dehydrogenase
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
44
931-935
1971
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Esaki, N.; Shimoi, H.; Yang, Y.S.; Tanaka, H.; Soda, K.
Enantioselective synthesis of L-selenomethionine with leucine dehydrogenase
Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem.
11
312-317
1989
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
-
Kiba, N.; Hori, S.; Furusawa, M.
Flow-injection determination of branched-chain L-amino acids with immobilized leucine dehydrogenase
Anal. Chim. Acta
218
161-166
1989
Bacillus cereus, Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
-
Warth, A.D.
Heat stability of Bacillus cereus enzymes within spores and in extracts
J. Bacteriol.
143
27-34
1980
Bacillus cereus
Shimoi, H.; Nagata, S.; Esaki, N.; Tanaka, H.; Soda, K.
Leucine dehydrogenase of a thermophilic anaerobe, Clostridium thermoaceticum: gene cloning, purification and characterization
Agric. Biol. Chem.
51
3375-3381
1987
Moorella thermoacetica
-
Nagata, S.; Misono, H.; Nagasaki, S.; Esaki, N.; Tanaka, H.; Soda, K.
Gene cloning, purification, and characterization of the highly thermostable leucine dehydrogenase of bacillus sp.
J. Ferment. Bioeng.
69
199-203
1990
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
-
Nagata, S.; Bakthavatsalam, S.; Galkin, A.G.; Asada, H.; Sakai, S.; Esaki, N.; Soda, K.; Ohshima, T.; Nagasaki, S.; Misono, H.
Gene cloning, purification, and characterization of thermostable and halophilic leucine dehydrogenase from a halophilic thermophile, Bacillus licheniformis TSN9
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
44
432-438
1995
Bacillus licheniformis
Ansorge, M.B.; Kula, M.R.
Production of recombinant L-leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus cereus in pilot scale using the runaway replication system E. coli[pIET98]
Biotechnol. Bioeng.
68
557-562
2000
Bacillus cereus
Ohshima, T.; Nishida, N.; Bakthavatsalam, S.; Kataoka, K.; Takada, H.; Yoshimura, T.; Esaki, N.; Soda, K.
The purification, characterization, cloning and sequencing of the gene for a halostable and thermostable leucine dehydrogenase from Thermoactinomyces intermedius
Eur. J. Biochem.
222
305-312
1994
Thermoactinomyces intermedius
Galkin, A.; Kulakova, L.; Ohshima, T.; Esaki, N.; Soda, K.
Construction of a new leucine dehydrogenase with preferred specificity for NADP+ by site-directed mutagenesis of the strictly NAD+-specific enzyme
Protein Eng.
10
687-690
1997
Thermoactinomyces intermedius
Sekimoto, T.; Fukui, T.; Tanizawa, K.
Role of the conserved glycyl residues located at the active site of leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothermophilus
J. Biochem.
116
176-182
1994
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Baker, P.J.; Turnbull, A.P.; Sedelnikova, S.E.; Stillman, T.J.; Rice, D.W.
A role for quaternary structure in the substrate specificity of leucine dehydrogenase
Structure
3
693-705
1995
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Kiba, N.; Oyama, Y.; Kato, A.; Furusawa, M.
Postcolumn co-immobilized leucine dehydrogenase-NADH oxidase reactor for the determination of branched-chain amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography with chemiluminescence detection
J. Chromatogr. A
724
354-357
1996
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
-
Sekimoto, T.; Fukui, T.; Tanizawa, K.
Involvement of conserved lysine 68 of Bacillus stearothermophilus leucine dehydrogenase in substrate binding
J. Biol. Chem.
269
7262-7266
1994
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Sekimoto, T.; Matsuyama, T.; Fukui, T.; Tanizawa, K.
Evidence for lysine 80 as general base catalyst of leucine dehydrogenase
J. Biol. Chem.
268
27039-27045
1993
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Muranova, T.A.; Ruzheinikov, S.N.; Sedelnikova, S.E.; Baker, P.J.; Pasquo, A.; Galkin, A.; Esaki, N.; Ohshima, T.; Soda, K.; Rice, D.W.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of substrate complexes of leucine dehydrogenase from Thermoactinomyces intermedius
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D
58
1059-1062
2002
Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Thermoactinomyces intermedius
Turnbull, A.P.; Ashford, S.R.; Baker, P.J.; Rice, D.W.; Rodgers, F.H.; Stillman, T.J.; Hanson, R.L.
Crystallization and quaternary structure analysis of the NAD+-dependent leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus sphaericus
J. Mol. Biol.
236
663-665
1994
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Oikawa, T.; Kataoka, K.; Jin, Y.; Suzuki, S.; Soda, K.
Fragmentary form of thermostable leucine dehydrogenase of Bacillus stearothermophilus: its construction and reconstitution of active fragmentary enzyme
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
280
1177-1182
2001
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Gu, K.F.; Chang, M.S.
Production of essential L-branched-chain amino acids in bioreactors containing artificial cells immobilized multienzyme system and dextran-NAD+
Biotechnol. Bioeng.
36
263-269
1990
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
Gu, K.F.; Chang, M.S.
Conversion of ammonia or urea into essential amino acids, L-leucine, L-valine, and L-isoleucine, using artificial cells containing as immobilized multienzyme system and dextran-NAD+
Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem.
12
227-236
1990
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria)
Livesey, G.; Lund, P.
Determination of branched-chain amino and keto acids with leucine dehydrogenase
Methods Enzymol.
166
3-10
1988
Bacillus subtilis, Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Morishita, Y.; Nakane, K.; Fukatsu, T.; Nakashima, N.; Tsuji, K.; Soya, Y.; Yoneda, K.; Asano, S.; Kawamura, Y.
Kinetic assay of serum and urine for urea with use of urease and leucine dehydrogenase
Clin. Chem.
43
1932-11936
1997
Bacillus subtilis
Kiba, N.; Muto, M.; Furusawa, M.
High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of branched-chain alpha-keto acids in serum using immobilized leucine dehydrogenase as post-column reactor
J. Chromatogr.
497
236-242
1989
Bacillus subtilis
Katoh, R.; Ngata, S.; Ozawa, A.; Ohshima, T.; Kamekura, M.; Misono, H.
Purification and characterization of leucine dehydrogenase from an alkalophilic halophile, Natronobacterium magadii MS-3
J. Mol. Catal. B
23
231-238
2003
Natrialba magadii, Natrialba magadii MS-3
-
Katoh, R.; Nagata, S.; Misono, H.
Cloning and sequencing of the leucine dehydrogenase gene from Bacillus sphaericus IFO 3525 and importance of the C-terminal region for the enzyme activity
J. Mol. Catal. B
23
239-247
2003
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
-
Kataoka, K.; Tanizawa, K.
Alteration of substrate specificity of leucine dehydrogenase by site-directed mutagenesis
J. Mol. Catal. B
23
299-309
2003
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
-
Bradshaw, C.W.; Wong, C.H.; Hummel, W.; Kula, M.R.
Enzyme-catalyzed asymetric synthesis of (S)-2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid and (R)-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid
Bioorg. Chem.
19
29-39
1991
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
-
Chiriac, M.; Lupan, I.; Bucurenci, N.; Popescu, O.; Palibroda, N.
Stereoselective synthesis of L-[15N] amino acids with glucose dehydrogenase and galactose mutarotase as NADH regenerating system
J. Labelled Compd. Radiopharm.
51
171-174
2008
Geobacillus stearothermophilus (P13154)
-
Li, H.; Zhu, D.; Hyatt, B.A.; Malik, F.M.; Biehl, E.R.; Hua, L.
Cloning, protein sequence clarification, and substrate specificity of a leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus sphaericus ATCC4525
Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.
158
343-351
2008
Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Lysinibacillus sphaericus ATCC 4525
Zhao, Y.; Wakamatsu, T.; Doi, K.; Sakuraba, H.; Ohshima, T.
A psychrophilic leucine dehydrogenase from Sporosarcina psychrophila: purification, characterization, gene sequencing and crystal structure analysis
J. Mol. Catal. B
83
65-72
2012
Sporosarcina psychrophila, Sporosarcina psychrophila DSM 3
-
Parker, W.; Hanson, R.; Goldberg, S.; Tully, T.; Goswami, A.
Preparation of (S)-1-cyclopropyl-2-methoxyethanamine by a chemoenzymatic route using leucine dehydrogenase
Org. Process Res. Dev.
16
464-469
2012
Thermoactinomyces intermedius
-
Lu, J.; Zhang, Y.; Sun, D.; Jiang, W.; Wang, S.; Fang, B.
The development of leucine dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase bifunctional enzyme cascade improves the biosynthsis of L-tert-teucine
Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.
180
1180-1195
2016
Bacillus cereus
Xu, J.M.; Cheng, F.; Fu, F.T.; Hu, H.F.; Zheng, Y.G.
Semi-rational engineering of leucine dehydrogenase for L-2-aminobutyric acid production
Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.
182
898-909
2016
Bacillus cereus
Zhu, L.; Wu, Z.; Jin, J.M.; Tang, S.Y.
Directed evolution of leucine dehydrogenase for improved efficiency of L-tert-leucine synthesis
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
100
5805-5813
2016
Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Q76GS2), Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Liu, W.; Ma, H.; Luo, J.; Shen, W.; Xu, X.; Li, S.; Hu, Y.; Huang, H.
Efficient synthesis of L-tert-leucine through reductive amination using leucine dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase coexpressed in recombinant E. coli
Biochem. Eng. J.
91
204-209
2014
Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Q76GS2), Lysinibacillus sphaericus CGMCC 1.1677 (Q76GS2)
-
Tao, R.; Jiang, Y.; Zhu, F.; Yang, S.
A one-pot system for production of L-2-aminobutyric acid from L-threonine by L-threonine deaminase and a NADH-regeneration system based on L-leucine dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase
Biotechnol. Lett.
36
835-841
2014
Bacillus cereus (P0A392), Bacillus cereus, Bacillus cereus DSM 31 (P0A392)
Zhu, W.; Li, Y.; Jia, H.; Wei, P.; Zhou, H.; Jiang, M.
Expression, purification and characterization of a thermostable leucine dehydrogenase from the halophilic thermophile Laceyella sacchari
Biotechnol. Lett.
38
855-861
2016
Laceyella sacchari
Jiang, W.; Sun, D.; Lu, J.; Wang, Y.; Wang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Fang, B.
A cold-adapted leucine dehydrogenase from marine bacterium Alcanivorax dieselolei Characterization and l-tert-leucine production
Eng. Life Sci.
16
283-289
2016
Alcanivorax dieselolei
-
Zhang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Wang, S.; Fang, B.
Engineering bi-functional enzyme complex of formate dehydrogenase and leucine dehydrogenase by peptide linker mediated fusion for accelerating cofactor regeneration
Eng. Life Sci.
17
989-996
2017
Bacillus cereus (Q731C9), Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 (Q731C9)
-
Mahdizadehdehosta, R.; Kianmehr, A.; Khalili, A.
Isolation and characterization of leucine dehydrogenase from a thermophilic Citrobacter freundii JK-91 strain isolated from Jask Port
Iran. J. Microbiol.
5
278-284
2013
Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter freundii JK-91
Li, J.; Pan, J.; Zhang, J.; Xu, J.
Stereoselective synthesis of L-tert-leucine by a newly cloned leucine dehydrogenase from Exiguobacterium sibiricum
J. Mol. Catal. B
105
11-17
2014
Exiguobacterium sibiricum
-
Zhou, F.; Mu, X.; Nie, Y.; Xu, Y.
Enhanced catalytic efficiency and coenzyme affinity of leucine dehydrogenase by comprehensive screening strategy for L-tert-leucine synthesis
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
105
3625-3634
2021
Bacillus cereus (A0A068FCF1), Bacillus cereus
Chen, J.; Zhu, R.; Zhou, J.; Yang, T.; Zhang, X.; Xu, M.; Rao, Z.
Efficient single whole-cell biotransformation for L-2-aminobutyric acid production through engineering of leucine dehydrogenase combined with expression regulation
Biores. Technol.
326
124665
2021
Exiguobacterium sibiricum (B1YLR3), Exiguobacterium sibiricum DSM 17290 (B1YLR3)
Zhou, J.; Wang, Y.; Chen, J.; Xu, M.; Yang, T.; Zheng, J.; Zhang, X.; Rao, Z.
Rational engineering of Bacillus cereus leucine dehydrogenase towards alpha-keto acid reduction for improving unnatural amino acid production
Biotechnol. J.
14
e1800253
2019
Bacillus cereus (P0A392), Bacillus cereus, Bacillus cereus DSM 31 (P0A392)
Meng, X.; Yang, L.; Liu, Y.; Wang, H.; Shen, Y.; Wei, D.
Identification and rational engineering of a high substrate-tolerant leucine dehydrogenase effective for the synthesis of L-tert-leucine
ChemCatChem
13
3340-3349
2021
Roseibium aggregatum
-
Wang, L.; Zhu, W.; Gao, Z.; Zhou, H.; Cao, F.; Jiang, M.; Li, Y.; Jia, H.; Wei, P.
Biosynthetic L-tert-leucine using Escherichia coli co-expressing a novel NADH-dependent leucine dehydrogenase and a formate dehydrogenase
Electron. J. Biotechnol.
47
83-88
2020
Laceyella sacchari
-
Luo, W.; Zhu, J.; Zhao, Y.; Zhang, H.; Yang, X.; Liu, Y.; Rao, Z.; Yu, X.
Cloning and expression of a novel leucine dehydrogenase characterization and L-tert-leucine production
Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
8
186
2020
Exiguobacterium sibiricum (B1YLR3), Exiguobacterium sibiricum, Exiguobacterium sibiricum DSM 17290 (B1YLR3)
Jia, Y.Y.; Xie, Y.L.; Yang, L.L.; Shi, H.L.; Lu, Y.F.; Zhang, S.P.; Tang, C.D.; Yao, L.G.; Kan, Y.C.
Expression of novel L-leucine dehydrogenase and high-level production of L-tert-leucine catalyzed by engineered Escherichia coli
Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
9
655522
2021
Planifilum fimeticola
Savrasova, E.A.; Stoynova, N.V.
Application of leucine dehydrogenase Bcd from Bacillus subtilis for L-valine synthesis in Escherichia coli under microaerobic conditions
Heliyon
5
e01406
2019
Bacillus subtilis
Yamaguchi, H.; Kamegawa, A.; Nakata, K.; Kashiwagi, T.; Mizukoshi, T.; Fujiyoshi, Y.; Tani, K.
Structural insights into thermostabilization of leucine dehydrogenase from its atomic structure by cryo-electron microscopy
J. Struct. Biol.
205
11-21
2019
Geobacillus stearothermophilus (P13154), Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Wang, Y.; Hou, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zheng, L.; Xu, X.; Pan, K.; Li, R.; Wang, Q.
A novel cold-adapted leucine dehydrogenase from antarctic sea-ice bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. ANT178
Mar. Drugs
16
359
2018
Pseudoalteromonas sp. ANT 178 (A0A385GJJ6)
Liao, L.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Fu, Y.; Zhang, A.; Qiu, R.; Yang, S.; Fang, B.
Construction and characterization of a novel glucose dehydrogenase-leucine dehydrogenase fusion enzyme for the biosynthesis of L-tert-leucine
Microb. Cell Fact.
20
003
2021
Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Q7SIB4)
Ouyang, S.; Li, X.; Sun, X.; Ouyang, J.; Yong, Q.
A thermostable leucine dehydrogenase from Bacillus coagulans NL01 Expression, purification and characterization
Process Biochem.
90
89-96
2020
Weizmannia coagulans, Weizmannia coagulans NL01
-
Yamaguchi, H.; Kamegawa, A.; Nakata, K.; Kashiwagi, T.; Fujiyoshi, Y.; Tani, K.; Mizukoshi, T.
Leucine Dehydrogenase structure and thermostability
Subcell. Biochem.
96
355-372
2021
Geobacillus stearothermophilus (A0A0K2HC96), Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus DSM 13240 (A0A0K2HC96)
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