1.3.99.31: phytoene desaturase (lycopene-forming)

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about phytoene desaturase (lycopene-forming), go to the full flat file.

Reaction

Synonyms

CarB, CrtI, crtI-type phytoene desaturase, lycopene synthase, PDS, PGT, PGTG_19044, phytoene desaturase, Rru_A0493

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases

         1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors

             1.3.99 With unknown physiological acceptors

                1.3.99.31 phytoene desaturase (lycopene-forming)

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Results	in table
609	AA Sequence
1	Application
19	Cloned(Commentary)
6	Cofactor
64	General Information
3	Inhibitors
13	KM Value [mM]
14	Localization
2	Molecular Weight [Da]
96	Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
42	Organism
3	Pathway
5	pH Optimum
2	pI Value
22	Protein Variants
3	Purification (Commentary)
5	Reaction
35	Reference
102	Substrates and Products (Substrate)
8	Subunits
88	Synonyms
1	Systematic Name
4	Temperature Optimum [°C]

Substrates Products

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of the Enzyme Summary Page.

Substrates Products on EC 1.3.99.31 - phytoene desaturase (lycopene-forming)

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SUBSTRATE

PRODUCT                       

REACTION DIAGRAM

ORGANISM

UNIPROT

COMMENTARY
(Substrate)

LITERATURE
(Substrate)

COMMENTARY
(Product)

LITERATURE
(Product)

Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified

15-cis-phytoene + 3 acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + 3 reduced acceptor

3 entries

15-cis-phytoene + 4 acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + 4 reduced acceptor

4 entries

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

18 entries

15-cis-phytoene + FAD

all-trans-phytofluene + FADH2

2 entries

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

18 entries

all-trans-neurosporene + FAD

all-trans-lycopene + FADH2

2 entries

all-trans-phytofluene + 3 acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + 3 reduced acceptor

Pantoea ananatis

P21685

-

712337

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

18 entries

all-trans-phytofluene + FAD

all-trans-zeta-carotene + FADH2

2 entries

all-trans-zeta-carotene + 2 acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + 2 reduced acceptor

Pantoea ananatis

P21685

-

637879, 712337

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

18 entries

all-trans-zeta-carotene + FAD

all-trans-neurosporene + FADH2

2 entries

additional information

?

-

5 entries

15-cis-phytoene + 3 acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + 3 reduced acceptor

Rubrivivax gelatinosus

-

-

710999, 713253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + 3 acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + 3 reduced acceptor

Rubrivivax gelatinosus

-

the enzyme simultaneously catalyzes a three- and four-step desaturation of phytoene producing both neurosporene and lycopene. These carotenes are intermediates for the synthesis of spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, respectively

711020

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + 3 acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + 3 reduced acceptor

Rubrivivax gelatinosus

-

the enzyme simultaneously catalyzes a three- and four-step desaturation of phytoene producing both neurosporene and lycopene. The ratio of lycopene to neurosporene of the wild-type enzyme under assay conditions is 88:12 after complementation of CrtI in pUC8(DH5a/pACCrtEBEU/pUCCrtIRg) and 26:74 after complementation of CrtI in pPEU(DH5a/pACCrtEBEU/pPEUCrtIRg). The affinity for neurosporene conversion is poorer than for phytoene conversion. This explains the formation of two desaturation products

711020

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + 4 acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + 4 reduced acceptor

Pantoea ananatis

P21685

overall reaction. all-trans-Lycopene is the principal desaturase product constituting 60% of the total reaction products. The desaturase intermediates all-trans-phytofluene and all-trans-zeta-carotene are also detected and constitute 27 and 12% of the total desaturase products formed

712337

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + 4 acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + 4 reduced acceptor

Rubrivivax gelatinosus

-

-

710999, 713253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + 4 acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + 4 reduced acceptor

Rubrivivax gelatinosus

-

the enzyme simultaneously catalyzes a three- and four-step desaturation of phytoene producing both neurosporene and lycopene. These carotenes are intermediates for the synthesis of spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, respectively

711020

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + 4 acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + 4 reduced acceptor

Rubrivivax gelatinosus

-

the enzyme simultaneously catalyzes a three- and four-step desaturation of phytoene producing both neurosporene and lycopene. The ratio of lycopene to neurosporene of the wild-type enzyme under assay conditions is 88:12 after complementation of CrtI in pUC8(DH5a/pACCrtEBEU/pUCCrtIRg) and 26:74 after complementation of CrtI in pPEU(DH5a/pACCrtEBEU/pPEUCrtIRg). The affinity for neurosporene conversion is poorer than for phytoene conversion. This explains the formation of two desaturation products

711020

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Blakeslea trispora

Q67GI0

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Cereibacter azotoformans

G3FHJ1

-

725042

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Mycolicibacterium aurum

Q9K566

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea agglomerans

E9LFG2

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea agglomerans

Q206M4

-

748470

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea ananatis

P21685

-

724067, 759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici CRL 75-36-700-3

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici race SCCL

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum

-

-

724023

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum ATCC 11170

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum ATH 1.1.1

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum DSM 467

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum LMG 4362

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum NCIMB 8255

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum S1

-

-

724023

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum S1

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + FAD

all-trans-phytofluene + FADH2

Pantoea ananatis

-

-

726300

-

-

?

15-cis-phytoene + FAD

all-trans-phytofluene + FADH2

Paracoccus haeundaensis

Q24K61

-

763447

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Blakeslea trispora

Q67GI0

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Cereibacter azotoformans

G3FHJ1

-

725042

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Mycolicibacterium aurum

Q9K566

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea agglomerans

E9LFG2

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea agglomerans

Q206M4

-

748470

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea ananatis

P21685

-

712337, 724067, 759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici CRL 75-36-700-3

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici race SCCL

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum

-

-

724023

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum ATCC 11170

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum ATH 1.1.1

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum DSM 467

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum LMG 4362

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum NCIMB 8255

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum S1

-

-

724023

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum S1

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + FAD

all-trans-lycopene + FADH2

Pantoea ananatis

-

-

726300

-

-

?

all-trans-neurosporene + FAD

all-trans-lycopene + FADH2

Paracoccus haeundaensis

Q24K61

-

763447

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Blakeslea trispora

Q67GI0

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Cereibacter azotoformans

G3FHJ1

-

725042

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Mycolicibacterium aurum

Q9K566

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea agglomerans

E9LFG2

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea agglomerans

Q206M4

-

748470

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea ananatis

P21685

-

724067, 759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici CRL 75-36-700-3

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici race SCCL

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum

-

-

724023

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum ATCC 11170

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum ATH 1.1.1

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum DSM 467

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum LMG 4362

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum NCIMB 8255

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum S1

-

-

724023

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum S1

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + FAD

all-trans-zeta-carotene + FADH2

Pantoea ananatis

-

-

726300

-

-

?

all-trans-phytofluene + FAD

all-trans-zeta-carotene + FADH2

Paracoccus haeundaensis

Q24K61

-

763447

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Blakeslea trispora

Q67GI0

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Cereibacter azotoformans

G3FHJ1

-

725042

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Mycolicibacterium aurum

Q9K566

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea agglomerans

E9LFG2

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea agglomerans

Q206M4

-

748470

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Pantoea ananatis

P21685

-

724067, 759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici CRL 75-36-700-3

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici race SCCL

E3L8P0

-

763110

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum

-

-

724023

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum ATCC 11170

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum ATH 1.1.1

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum DSM 467

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum LMG 4362

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum NCIMB 8255

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum S1

-

-

724023

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

Rhodospirillum rubrum S1

Q2RX47

-

759253

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + FAD

all-trans-neurosporene + FADH2

Pantoea ananatis

-

-

726300

-

-

?

all-trans-zeta-carotene + FAD

all-trans-neurosporene + FADH2

Paracoccus haeundaensis

Q24K61

-

763447

-

-

?

additional information

?

-

Allochromatium vinosum

-

enzyme catalyzes lycopene formation in in four steps from phytoeneto phytofluene to zeta-carotene to neurosporene to lycopene, with 100% efficiency of formation of the end product

743254

-

-

?

additional information

?

-

Allochromatium vinosum ATCC 17899

-

enzyme catalyzes lycopene formation in in four steps from phytoeneto phytofluene to zeta-carotene to neurosporene to lycopene, with 100% efficiency of formation of the end product

743254

-

-

?

additional information

?

-

Cereibacter azotoformans

G3FHJ1

at higher concentrations, phytoene is the preferred substrate for CrtI, and neurosporene is produced as the major desaturation product, EC 1.3.99.28. At lower phytoene concentrations, neurosporene can be further desaturated by CrtI to produce lycopene

725042

-

-

?

additional information

?

-

Sporidiobolus pararoseus

A0A0K0QVD9

catalyzes both enzymatic conversion of phytoene to lycopene (fourth step product) and 3,4-didehydrolycopene (fifth step product), reactions of EC 1.3.99.30 and EC 1.3.99.31, respectively

742615

-

-

?

additional information

?

-

Sporidiobolus pararoseus CGMCC 2.5280

A0A0K0QVD9

catalyzes both enzymatic conversion of phytoene to lycopene (fourth step product) and 3,4-didehydrolycopene (fifth step product), reactions of EC 1.3.99.30 and EC 1.3.99.31, respectively

742615

-

-

?