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1.21.99.4: thyroxine 5'-deiodinase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about thyroxine 5'-deiodinase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.21.99.4

Reaction

3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine
+
Iodide
 +
acceptor
 +
H+
=
L-thyroxine
 +
reduced acceptor

Synonyms

5DI , 5DII , 5DIII , D1 5'-deiodinase, D2 5'-deiodinase, deiodinase, diiodothyronine 5'-deiodinase, Dio, DIO1, DIO2, DIOI , DIOII , DIOIII , EC 1.97.1.10, EC 3.8.1.4, ID-1, ID-2, ID-3, iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase, Iodothyronine 5'-monodeiodinase, iodothyronine 5-deiodinase, iodothyronine deiodinase 2, iodothyronine deiodinase D2, iodothyronine inner ring monodeiodinase, iodothyronine outer ring monodeiodinase, L-thyroxine iodohydrolase (reducing), thyroxine 5-deiodinase, Thyroxine deiodinase, type 1 5'-deiodinase, type 1 deiodinase, Type 1 DI , type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase, type 2 5'-deiodinase, type 2 deiodinase, Type 2 DI , type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase, type 3 deiodinase, Type 3 DI , type I iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase, type I iodothyronine deiodinase, type I-like deiodinase, type II iodothyronine deiodinase, type II-like deiodinase, Type-I 5'deiodinase , Type-II 5'deiodinase , Type-III 5'deiodinase , types 1 iodothyronine selenodeiodinase, types 2 iodothyronine selenodeiodinase, XL-15

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.21 Catalysing the reaction X-H + Y-H = X-Y
             1.21.99 With unknown physiological acceptors
                1.21.99.4 thyroxine 5'-deiodinase

Expression

Expression on EC 1.21.99.4 - thyroxine 5'-deiodinase

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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
3,5,3'-triiodothyronine decreases mRNA levels in TT cell, addition of thyroxine or 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine decreases the deiodinating activity
-
5'-deiodinase is increased in McCune-Albright syndrome-associated hyperthyroidism pathogenesis
-
activity in white fat is stimulated by a high-fat diet, leptin injections increases activity
-
an increase in enzyme expression is observed in Liver X receptor alpha-stimulated cells
-
bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) activity with a lag-time of 4-8 h and a maximum at 24 h at 0.001 mg /ml. Glucocorticoids (0.001 mM cortisol, 10 nM dexamethasone) enhance both the basal and LPS-stimulated D2 activity and mRNA accumulation. RU486 and sulfasalazine block the effects of lipopolysaccharide on both D2 activity and mRNA accumulation. In astrocytes, co-expression of p65 nuclear factor-kappaB with the 3.8 kb form of the rat dio2 promoter leads to a 7fold increase in the transcriptional activity
-
caloric restriction decreases activity in white fat
-
decrease of liver type 1 deiodinase levels after infection only in wild-type mice, low expression levels in type 3 deiodinase knockout mice
decrease of pituitary type 2 deiodinase levels after infection
enzyme expression is significantly attenuated in all tissue homogenates of ovarectomized rats
-
expression of the Dio1 gene is dependent on HNF4alpha expression, the Dio1 promoter is directly regulated by HNF4alpha
expression of the Dio1 gene is dependent on HNF4alpha expression, the Dio1 promoter is directly regulated by HNF4alpha, the Krüppel-like transcription factor 9, KLF9, functions together with HNF4alpha and GATA4 to synergistically activate the promoter through direct interaction between these transcriptional factors
growth hormone significantly increases iodothyronine deiodinase D2 expression at the mRNA level in HTC/C3 cells
-
increase of expression levels postnatal until day 8
increased local generation of triiodothyronine in prostate might be related to the differentiation, maturation that occurs at puberty, and, or, the energy expenditure associated with maintaining the secretory activity of the glandular epithelium
-
incubation (for 2-12 h at 37°C) of confluent primary cultures of astroglial cells, maintained in a chemically defined medium devoid of growth factors and hormones, with various concentrations of adenosine, AMP, ADP, ATP (highest activity at 0. 1 mM after 4 h), and a series of their analogues causes a marked induction of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase activity (up to 30fold basal level). Preincubation of cells with all-trans-retinoic acid multiplies the inducing effect of the purines (up to 42fold increase of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase); all-trans retinoic acid itself enhances the activity of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase, and also of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase, only a little
-
substrate-dependent down-regulation, WSB-1-mediated ubiquitination inactivates the enzyme and targets it for proteasomal degradation, TEB4 interacts with the enzyme and mediates loss of activity and protein
-
the enzymatic activity of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase is low in liver hemangioma
-
there is no significant difference between the thyroidal type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase mRNA level in patients with with 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine-predominant Graves' disease and that in patients with common type-Graves' disease
-
thyroidal type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase mRNA level and activity in patients with 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine-predominant Graves' disease is significantly higher than that in patients with common type-Graves' disease
-
type 2 deiodinase is induced in muscle regeneration, forkhead box O3 is a key molecule inducing type 2 deiodinase expression
-
type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio2) is up-regulated in dilated cardiomyopathy mice hearts whereas the expression of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase remains unchanged. Dio2 gene expression is also markedly up-regulated in the mice hearts developing similar eccentric hypertrophy after myocardial infarction
-
ubiquitinated enzyme can be reactivated and rescued from proteosomal degradation by the von Hippel-Lindau protein-interacting deubiquitinating enzyme-1, TEB4 knockdown increases activity and protein level of iodothyronine deiodinase 2
-