1.17.3.2: xanthine oxidase

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For detailed information about xanthine oxidase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.17.3.2

1.17.3.2

allopurinol

uric

dismutase

catalase

sod

xx

endothelial

malondialdehyde

hyperuricemia

reperfusion

gout

ischemia

purine

artery

karyotype

turner

myocardial

gsh

pulmonary

myeloperoxidase

ischemia-reperfusion

gonad

hermaphrodite

oxypurinol

thiobarbituric

urate

spin

tbars

chemiluminescence

dysgenesis

molybdenum

gsh-px

sex-determining

caffeine

x-chromosome

oxygen-derived

tungsten

acid-reactive

masculinization

fenton

sex-reversed

hypouricemic

monosomy

feminization

drug development

diagnostics

urate-lowering

synthesis

self-fertilizing

biotechnology

medicine

radical-generating

cyp2a6

oxidase-derived

pharmacology

nondisjunction

Reaction

Synonyms

AXOR, EC 1.1.3.22, EC 1.2.3.2, EC 1.2.3.2., hypoxanthine oxidase, hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase, hypoxanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase, More, oxidase, xanthine, Schardinger enzyme, xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase, xanthine oxidase, xanthine oxidoreductase, xanthine: oxygen oxidoreductase, xanthine:O2 oxidoreductase, xanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase, xanthine:xanthine oxidase, XnOx, XO, XOD, XOR

ECTree

1 Oxidoreductases

1.17 Acting on CH or CH₂ groups

1.17.3 With oxygen as acceptor

1.17.3.2 xanthine oxidase

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Results	in table
34	Activating Compound
1072	AA Sequence
9	Application
1	CAS Registry Number
8	Cloned(Commentary)
107	Cofactor
15	Crystallization (Commentary)
1488	Disease/ Diagnostics
2	Expression
42	General Information
22	General Stability
208	IC50 Value
517	Inhibitors
2	kcat/KM [mM/s]
34	Ki Value [mM]
151	KM Value [mM]
45	Localization
169	Metals/Ions
32	Molecular Weight [Da]
173	Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
1	Organic Solvent Stability
430	Organism
1	Oxidation Stability
7	Pathway
114	PDB ID
69	pH Optimum
9	pH Range
3	pH Stability
131	Posttranslational Modification
26	Protein Variants
33	Purification (Commentary)
13	Reaction
3	Reaction Type
211	Reference
267	Source Tissue
46	Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
3	Storage Stability
537	Substrates and Products (Substrate)
25	Subunits
82	Synonyms
1	Systematic Name
71	Temperature Optimum [°C]
5	Temperature Range [°C]
16	Temperature Stability [°C]
21	Turnover Number [1/s]

Systematic Name

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Systematic Name on EC 1.17.3.2 - xanthine oxidase

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xanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase

An iron-molybdenum flavoprotein (FAD) containing [2Fe-2S] centres. Also oxidizes hypoxanthine, some other purines and pterins, and aldehydes, but is distinct from EC 1.2.3.1, aldehyde oxidase. Under some conditions the product is mainly superoxide rather than peroxide: RH + H2O + 2 O2 = ROH + 2 O2.- + 2 H+. The mammalian enzyme predominantly exists as an NAD-dependent dehydrogenase (EC 1.17.1.4, xanthine dehydrogenase). During purification the enzyme is largely converted to the O2-dependent xanthine oxidase form (EC 1.17.3.2). The conversion can be triggered by several mechanisms, including the oxidation of cysteine thiols to form disulfide bonds [4,5,7,10] [which can be catalysed by EC 1.8.4.7, enzyme-thiol transhydrogenase (glutathione-disulfide) in the presence of glutathione disulfide] or limited proteolysis, which results in irreversible conversion. The conversion can also occur in vivo [4,6,10].