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1.14.15.7: choline monooxygenase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about choline monooxygenase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.14.15.7

Reaction

choline
+
O2
 +
reduced ferredoxin
 + 2 H+ =
betaine aldehyde hydrate
 +
H2O
 +
oxidized ferredoxin

Synonyms

AhCMO, AnCMO, ApCMO, choline monooxygenase, choline oxygenase, CMO, CMO1, EC 1.14.14.4, Os06g48510

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
             1.14.15 With reduced iron-sulfur protein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
                1.14.15.7 choline monooxygenase

Systematic Name

Systematic Name on EC 1.14.15.7 - choline monooxygenase

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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
choline,reduced-ferredoxin:oxygen oxidoreductase
The spinach enzyme, which is located in the chloroplast, contains a Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] cluster, and probably also a mononuclear Fe centre. Requires Mg2+. Catalyses the first step of glycine betaine synthesis. In many bacteria, plants and animals, betaine is synthesized in two steps: (1) choline to betaine aldehyde and (2) betaine aldehyde to betaine. Different enzymes are involved in the first reaction. In plants, the reaction is catalysed by this enzyme whereas in animals and many bacteria it is catalysed by either membrane-bound EC 1.1.99.1 (choline dehydrogenase) or soluble EC 1.1.3.17 (choline oxidase) [7]. The enzyme involved in the second step, EC 1.2.1.8 (betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase), appears to be the same in plants, animals and bacteria. In some bacteria, betaine is synthesized from glycine through the actions of EC 2.1.1.156 (glycine/sarcosine N-methyltransferase) and EC 2.1.1.157 (sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase).